Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with the development of approximately 200,000 malignancies per year, including B cell lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The risk of EBV-associated malignancies is significantly higher in people co-infected with HIV-1. For example, risks of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the U.S., an AIDS-defining cancer, are 10-fold higher in HIV-1 infected individuals than the general population. Individuals with EBV/HIV-1 co-infection tend to have higher EBV viral loads in saliva and blood.