Abstract: N501Y, E484K, K417N, K417T, L452R and T478K in the receptor binding domain (RBD) region may increase the infectivity in several variants of SARS-CoV-2.
Abstract: In this study, we discovered that GB-1, developed from Chiehyuan herbal formula which obtained from Tian Shang Sheng Mu of Chiayi Puzi Peitian Temple, can inhibit the binding between ACE2 and RBD with Wuhan type, K417N-E484K-N501Y and L452R-T478K mutation.
Abstract: Our results suggest that GB-1 could be a potential cand
Cross-Neutralizing Breadth and Longevity Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After Infections.
Introduction: B.1.617.2, which was confirmed in India, has mutations (L452R and T478K) in the RBD, leading to higher viral load in infected individuals, in addition to the P681R mutation which increases the virus transmissibility.
Introduction: Finally, B.1.1.529, which was detected in Botswana on November 11, 2021 and South Africa on November 14, 2021, has 15 mutations (G339D, S371L, S373P, S375F, K417N, N440K, G446S, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q493R,
Design of SARS-CoV-2 Variant-Specific PCR Assays Considering Regional and Temporal Characteristics.
PMID: 35285246
2022
Applied and environmental microbiology
Abstract: Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the spike (S) gene amplicons of the Delta variant-dominant samples, we found six mutations exclusive to the Delta variant (S:T19R, S:Delta156/157, S:L452R, S:T478K, S:P681R, and S:D950N).
Result: Importantly, this mutation has higher sensitivity and specificity in both regions of interest than the mutation S:T478K (sensitivity is 0.99 and specificity is 0.97 in Illinois, while sensitivity is only 0.96 and specificity is only
Proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
Abstract: Some noticeable mutations, including K417N, T478K, N501Y, and P681H, are shared with the previous VOCs Alpha, Beta, Gamma, or Delta variants and have been proven to be associated with higher transmissibility, viral infectivity, and immune evasion potential.
Introduction: Specifically, BA.1 and BA.2 display 20 identical spike mutations, which are G339D, S373P, S375F, K417N, N440K, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q493R, Q498R, N501Y,
Clinico-Genomic Analysis Reiterates Mild Symptoms Post-vaccination Breakthrough: Should We Focus on Low-Frequency Mutations?
Introduction: Mutations that alter the characteristics of the RBD in the spike protein, such as L452R and T478K in the Delta variant, can affect antibody neutralization.
Introduction: One such VOC, B.1.617.2, also known as the Delta variant and first identified in India in October 2020, is characterized by mutations T19R, G142D, Delta157-158, R158G, L452, T478K, D614G, P681R, and D950N in the spike protein.
Introduction: The key mutations, L452R and
Table: T478K
Interaction Analysis of the Spike Protein of Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2 with hACE2 and Eight Monoclonal Antibodies Using the Fragment Molecular Orbital Method.
PMID: 35312321
2022
Journal of chemical information and modeling
Introduction: Based on docking studies with single-mutant S proteins, the Q493K, N501Y, S371L, S373P, S375F, Q498R, and T478K mutations have been reported to contribute significantly to the high binding affinity of the Omicron S protein to hACE2.
Introduction: The L452R and T478K mutations are located in the RBD, and they significantly increase the binding affinity of the S protein to hACE2.
Introduction: The mutations of the S protein in the Delta variant are T19R
The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant induces an antibody response largely focused on class 1 and 2 antibody epitopes.
Method: Duplicate single-mutant site-saturation variant libraries were designed in the background of the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) from SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (identical to that from Wuhan-Hu-1, Genbank accession number MN908947, residues N331-T531, with the addition of the L452R and T478K amino-acid substitutions), and produced by Twist Bioscience.
Method: The Genbank map of the plasmid encoding the unmutated SARS-CoV-2 Delta RBD in the yeast-display vector is available at https://github.com/jbloomlab/SARS-CoV-2-RBD_Delta/blob/main/data/plasmids/3159_pETcon-SARS-CoV-2-RBD-L452R-T478K.gb.
Method: The plasmid map for the unmutated Delta PMID: 35293847
2022
Emerging microbes & infections
Introduction: Additionally, two mutations exist in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein which are L452R and E484Q in B.1.617.1 and 3 or L452R and T478K in B.1.617.2.
Introduction: Mutation sites involved in the B.1.617 sub-lineages include T19R, T95I, G142D, E154K, F157del, R158del, L452R, T478K, E484Q, D614G, P681R, D950N,
Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2 Virus: In Silico Evaluation of the Possible Impact on People Affected by Diabetes Mellitus.
Result: Although in the Omicron variant this lysine mutates into an arginine, Thr478 mutates into lysine (T478K), forming another glycation site on the ACE2 interface.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy
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