Result: Mutation T478K is stabilizing and is predicted to decrease local protein flexibility.
Table: T478K
Discussion: Our data indicate that most of the mutants are predicted to destabilize the RBD structure, except for E484K and T478K.
SARS-CoV-2 testing and sequencing for international arrivals reveals significant cross border transmission of high risk variants into the United Kingdom.
Discussion: B.1.617.2 on the other hand contains T478K in place of E484Q.
Trajectory of Growth of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Variants in Houston, Texas, January through May 2021, Based on 12,476 Genome Sequences.
PMID: 34303698
2021
The American journal of pathology
Result: These two variants are characterized by a core group of amino acid replacements in spike protein: L452R, T478K or E484Q, D614G, and P681R (Figure 6).
Conformational Variability Correlation Prediction of Transmissibility and Neutralization Escape Ability for Multiple Mutation SARS-CoV-2 Strains using SSSCPreds.
Abstract: We report that the RBD of the Alpha (N501Y) variant requires the highest amount of force initially to be detached from ACE2 due to the N501Y mutation in addition to the role of N90-glycan, followed by Beta/Gamma (K417N/T, E484K, and N501Y) or Delta (L452R and T478K) variant.
Introduction: Newly reported Kappa and Delta variants display the same L452R mutation as Epsilon, but each variant contains an additional mutation, E484Q (Kappa) or T478K (Delta).
Introduction: To gain molecular insight into the difference of all variants that are classified as the variants of concern (Alpha (f
Neutralizing Activity of Sera from Sputnik V-Vaccinated People against Variants of Concern (VOC: B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, B.1.617.2, B.1.617.3) and Moscow Endemic SARS-CoV-2 Variants.
Method: Determination of NtAb titers was evaluated using the following SARS-CoV-2 variants: B.1.1.1 (PMVL-1, S: D614G; hCoV-19/Russia/Moscow_PMVL-1/2020), B.1.1.7 (hCoV-19/Netherlands/NoordHolland_20432/2020, VOC 202012/01), B.1.351 (hCoV-19/Russia/SPE-RII-27029S/2021), B.1.1.141 (PMVL-31, S: M153T, T385I, D614G; hCoV-19/Russia/MOW-PMVL-31/2020), B.1.1.317 (PMVL-43, S: D138Y, S477N, A522S, D614G, Q675R, A845S; hCoV-19/Russia/MOW-PMVL-43/2021), B.1.1.28/P.1 (hCoV-19/Netherlands/NoordHolland_10915/2021), B.1.617.2 (T19R
Linked nosocomial COVID-19 outbreak in three facilities for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities due to SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.519 with spike mutation T478K in the Netherlands.
Result: In the case of the mutant RBD possessing L452R with T478K (Figure 5B), though no additional intermolecular contact was affected, three additional hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) were formed by K478 with F486.
Result: Similarly, the implications of RBD mutations, L452R and T478K, as in lineage B.1.617.2, were studied.
Discussion: The T478K mutation in the spike protein in lineage B.1.617.2 has been seen in Mexican variant B.1.1.222.
Discussion: The effect of the mutations L452R and T478K on ACE2 binding was also observed as enhanced stabilization of the RBD-ACE2 complex.
Molecular Evolution and Epidemiological Characteristics of SARS COV-2 in (Northwestern) Poland.
Introduction: Studies on the impact of the mutations on virus evolution are ongoing, and continuously identify novel variants and mutations, with the key recent ones being L452R, E484Q, and T478K from Indian isolate B.1.617-VOC Delta and Kappa.
Acquisition of the L452R Mutation in the ACE2-Binding Interface of Spike Protein Triggers Recent Massive Expansion of SARS-CoV-2 Variants.
PMID: 34379531
2021
Journal of clinical microbiology
Result: The delta and kappa variants differed from each other by the presence of additional mutations located in the 414-to-583 region of the RBD targeted for amplification in our study, i.e., T478K and E484Q, respectfully.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
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