literature

SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.

High Individual Heterogeneity of Neutralizing Activities against the Original Strain and Nine Different Variants of SARS-CoV-2.

PMID: 34834983 2021 Viruses

Result: The case of the Delta variant is more puzzling, since, in this case, the substitution L452R is associated with T478K instead of N501Y.

Result: When T478 is substituted by K478 (T478K substitution), F486 is attracted by the cationic group of K478, preventing any contact with the aromatic amino acids Y32 and Y92 of the antibody (Figure 6B).

Discussion: Due to its key spike protein mutations (L452R and T478K), the Delta variant may induce an immune evasion, similar to the B.1.351.2, P.1, and R.1 variants.

The Evolutionary Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Variant B.1.1.519 and Its Clinical Impact in Mexico City.

PMID: 34834987 2021 Viruses

Abstract: It is characterized by three amino acid changes in the

Result: The B.1.1.159 variant is characterized by 9 mutations (C203T, C222T, C3140T, C10954T, A11117G, C12789T, C21306T, C22995A, and C23604A), four ORF1a substitutions (P959S, T3255I, I3618V, and T4175I) and three spike substitutions (T478K, P681H, and T732A) (Figure 1C).

Impact of the Double Mutants on Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Lineage on the Human ACE2 Receptor Binding: A Structural Insight.

PMID: 34835101 2021 Viruses

Abstract: The novel variants harbored by the B.1.617 lineage (kappa and delta) carry mutations within the receptor-binding domain of spike (S) protein (L452R + E484Q and L452R + T478K), the region binding to the host receptor.

Result: The delta variant, which carried L452R and T478K mutations, also demonstrated a reduced affinity towards the LY-CoV555.

Result: The reference complex structur

Codon usage, phylogeny and binding energy estimation predict the evolution of SARS-CoV-2.

PMID: 34841034 2021 One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

Introduction: This variant does not have the amino acid substitution N501Y but exhibits two other substitutions: L452R and T478K.

Phylogenomics and population genomics of SARS-CoV-2 in Mexico during the pre-vaccination stage reveals variants of interest B.1.1.28.4 and B.1.1.222 or B.1.1.519 and the nucleocapsid mutation S194L associated with symptoms.

PMID: 34846283 2021 Microbial genomics

Result: 2(b) further validates the co-occurring mutations of concern mentioned above, particularly between T478K, P681H and T732A, from the dominant clade 20B of variant 20B/478K.V1.

Result: Among these results, although not at a high frequency, cases of T478K co-occurring with other spike protein mutations of concern could be detected, including: (i) K417N, which is present in 20h/501Y.V2 or B.1.351, identified in one sample (February 2021, GISAID EPI ISL 1137473); (ii) L18F, which is present in 20J/501Y.V3 or P.1, identified in one sequence from the State of Oaxaca, in the parental lineage B.1 (January 2021, GISAID EPI ISL 1168605); and (iii) the deletion of an amino acid in position 144, which occurs in 20I/501Y.V1 or B.1.1.7 and 20A/S.484K or B.1

Differential Interactions between Human ACE2 and Spike RBD of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern.

PMID: 34856802 2021 Journal of chemical theory and computation

Abstract: We report that RBD of the Alpha (N501Y) variant requires the highest amount of force initially to be detached from ACE2 due to the N501Y mutation in addition to the role of N90-glycan, followed b

Method: From the WT RBD structure, each variant was modeled with the following mutations: Alpha (N501Y), Beta (K417N, E484K, N501Y), Gamma (K417T, E484K, N501Y), Epsilon (L452R), Kappa (L452R, E484Q), and Delta (L452R, T478K).

Recognition of Variants of Concern by Antibodies and T Cells Induced by a SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine.

PMID: 34858404 2021 Frontiers in immunology

Introduction: Delta exhibits unique mutations (L452R,

Discussion: Here we show using a RBD containing the mutations T478K and L452R present in the Delta variant that volunteers vaccinated with CoronaVac exhibit reduced blocking antibodies compared to the WT RBD but we report a seropositivity of 78.57% and 55.76% by sVNT and cVNT ( Tables 1 and 2 ), respectively, which suggests that the vaccine confers protection against this variant.

Discussion: The Delta variant (first identified in India) exhibit the RBD mutations T478K, L452R and P681R and is currently a cause of concern due to its high transmissibility and may even surpass other variants in this regard.

Evolutionary and Antigenic Profiling of the Tendentious D614G Mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in Gujarat, India.

PMID: 34858480 2021 Frontiers in genetics

Discussion: In addition, it is concurrently seen with other mutations like P681R, L452R, T19R, E156G, T478K.

Additional Positive Electric Residues in the Crucial Spike Glycoprotein S Regions of the New SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

PMID: 34880635 2021 Infection and drug resistance

Table: T478K

The Delta Variant Mutations in the Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Show Enhanced Electrostatic Interactions with the ACE2.

PMID: 34901826 2021 Medicine in drug discovery

Introduction: In WT and protein with single mutation T478K, Maximum electrostatic interactions were reported between RBD-T500 and ACE2-D355 with ~ -2.94 and -2.8 kcal/mol, respectively.

Introduction: In contrary to T478K, the L452R variant is shown to enhance the total binding energy between RBD and ACE2 to be about 2.63 kcal/mol more negative than its value in WT protein.

Introduction: In this research, we study the effect of both of L452R and T478K variants in the RBD of the SARS-CoV2 on its binding to ACE2.

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