Discussion: Previous in vitro studies already showed the association of some of these mutations with increased infectivity, ACE2 interaction (N501Y, P681H), or immune evasion (K417N, N440K, G446S, S477N, E484A/K, Q493R).
A Detailed Overview of Immune Escape, Antibody Escape, Partial Vaccine Escape of SARS-CoV-2 and Their Emerging Variants With Escape Mutations.
Abstract: To build an investigative framework, we have applied an unsupervised machine learning approach to 4296 Omicron viral genomes collected and deposited to GISAID as of December 14, 2021, and have identified a core haplotype of 28 polymutants (A67V, T95I, G339D, R346K, Introduction: Most of these mutations (G339D, N440K, G446S, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q493R, G496S, Q498R, N501Y, Y505H) present on the RBD surface.
Human serum from SARS-CoV-2-vaccinated and COVID-19 patients shows reduced binding to the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.
Discussion: S477N, T478K, and E484A were initially at ~47% (status 2021-12-14, 2146 sequences), now instead above 88%, as N501Y (status 2022-02-07, 873.492 sequences).
Discussion: Several Omicron RBD mutations are assumed to increase the binding to ACE2: G339D, S477N, T478K, Q493K, and N501Y; others are proposed to be neutral: S371L, S373P, G446S, E484A, Q493R, and Q498R, or are assumed to reduce the binding to ACE2: PMID: 35215823
2022
Viruses
Introduction: It has been reported that several mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 RBM, such as N439K, L452R, S477N, T478K, E484K
Discussion: Early research on the Omicron variant has shown multiple mutations in the RBM such as N440K, G446S, S477N, T478K, Q493K, G496S, Q498R, N501Y, Y505H, including a mutation residing at amino acid residue E484A, which is associated with reduced binding, as observed with the tested Beta, Kappa, and Gamma variants harboring the exact mutation.
SARS-CoV-2 Mutations and Their Impact on Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Vaccines.
Introduction: Examples include the N501Y, S477N, N439K, D364Y and E484K substitutions identified in most VOCs, which correlate with higher transmissibility.
Table: S477N
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development.
Introduction: Finally, B.1.1.529, which was detected in Botswana on November 11, 2021 and South Africa on November 14, 2021, has 15 mutations (G339D, S371L, S373P, S375F, K417N, N440K, G446S, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q493R, G496S, Q498R, N501Y, and Y505H) in the RBD.
Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) of SARS-CoV-2: understanding mutations in the genome, S-glycoprotein, and antibody-binding regions.
Abstract: There are several mutations in the antibody-binding region including K417N, E484A, Q493K, Q498R, N501Y, and Y505H and several near the antibody-binding region (S477N, T478K, G496S, G446S, and N440K).
Abstract: Various new receptor-binding domain mutations were detected, including Q493K, G496S, Q498R, S477N, G466S, N440K, and Y505H.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
Cell reports
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