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 SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.


  Bioinformatics Analysis Unveils Certain Mutations Implicated in Spike Structure Damage and Ligand-Binding Site of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2.
 PMID: 34121839       2021       Bioinformatics and biology insights
Result: Eighty four whole spike protein sequences isolated from Africa are used, and the most common mutations are found to be Q667H (5 mutations), D614G (3 mutations), R408I (2 mutations), and others (1 mutations), which was found containing 8 different mutations (Table 1).
Table: R408I


  Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 different variants and related morbidity and mortality: a systematic review.
 PMID: 34103090       2021       European journal of medical research
Table: R408I


  In silico binding profile characterization of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its mutants bound to human ACE2 receptor.
 PMID: 34013346       2021       Briefings in bioinformatics
Abstract: Mutations on RBD have been observed in different countries and classified into nine types: A435S, D364Y, G476S, N354D/D364Y, R408I, V341I, V367F, V483A and W436R.
Introduction: Strains of SARS-CoV-2 have been collected from multiple countries, and mutants have been detected and classified into nine types according to mutation positions on RBDs, including V341I, F342L, N354D/D364Y, V367F


  Vaccine-escape and fast-growing mutations in the United Kingdom, the United States, Singapore, Spain, India, and other COVID-19-devastated countries.
 PMID: 34004284       2021       Genomics
Conclusion: While mutations Q493R, R408I, Q493H, P384S, and N501T can also be disruptive, but mutations N439K, V367F, and S477R are not as disruptive as other rapidly growing ones.
Table: R408I


  SARS-CoV-2 mutations: the biological trackway towards viral fitness.
 PMID: 33928885       2021       Epidemiology and infection
Introduction: R408I mutation stabilising S protein was reported in an Indian strain.


  The Impact on Infectivity and Neutralization Efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 Lineage B.1.351 Pseudovirus.
 PMID: 33917138       2021       Viruses
Method: Subsequently, SARS-CoV-2 Spike variants (D614G, V367F/D614G, P384L/D614G, R408I/D614G, N501Y/D614G, K417N/N501Y/D614G, E484K/N501Y/D614G) were generated using a Quikchange XL site-directed mutagenesis kit (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) according to manufacturer's instructions.
Method: The primers used to generate SARS-CoV-2 Spike variants are described as follow:  PMID: 33911163       2021       Scientific reports
Table: R408I


  IgV somatic mutation of human anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies governs neutralization and breadth of reactivity.
 PMID: 33769311       2021       JCI insight
Method: Alternatively, lentivirus Lenti-GF1-SARS-CoV-2Delta19AA truncated spike envelope displaying the H49Y, S247R, V367F, R408I, V483A, H519Q, A520S, and D614G mutations was produced using the same method.
Result: To determine if natural infection induced broadly neutralizing Abs, we tested neutralization of pseudotyped viruses with spike protein variants in the S1 N-terminal domain (H49Y, V247R, V367F, R408I), in the receptor-binding domain ( PMID: 33568759       2021       Scientific reports
Table: R408I


  BioAider: An efficient tool for viral genome analysis and its application in tracing SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
 PMID: 32904401       2020       Sustainable cities and society
Discussion: In addition, we also detected a strain with the mutation of S-R408I located in the RBD (Table S2) which was reported to play an important role in virus-receptor binding by a recent study.



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