Influence of treatment with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies on the SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal load and quasispecies.
PMID: 34537363
2022
Clinical microbiology and infection
Abstract: Two patients harboured SARS-CoV-2 variants with a Q493R spike mutation 7 days after administration, as did a third patient 14 days after administration.|m
Discussion: Our analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein evolution in infected patients treated with mAbs indicated that key mAb activity-reducing mutations (Q493R/K, E484K) appeared in 5 SOT-patients treated with Bamlanivimab/Etesevimab.
Discussion: Previous in vitro studies showed that mAbs can induce the production of SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutation E484K and/or Q493R/K.
Discussion: The Q493R mutation has also been reported in one patient with cholangiocarcinoma.
The significant immune escape of pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron.
Result: There are 32 mutations on the Spike of Omicron, including the following sites: A67V, H69del-V70del, T95I, G142D-V143del-Y144del-Y145del, N211del-L212I, ins214EPE, G339D, S371L, S373P, S375F, K417N, N440K, G446S, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q493R, G496S, Q498R, N501Y, Y505H, PMID: 34914115
2022
Journal of medical virology
Abstract: Based on docking studies, the Q493R, N501Y, S371L, S373P, S375F, Q498R, and T478K mutations contribute significantly to high binding affinity with human ACE2.
Omicron escapes the majority of existing SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies.
Abstract: Specifically, neutralizing antibodies in groups A-D, the epitopes of which overlap with the ACE2-binding motif, are largely escaped by K417N, G446S, E484A and Q493R.
Introduction: Neutralizing antibodies that survived the Beta strain, such as BRII-196 and DXP-604, are insensitive to the K417N single-site change but could also be heavily affected by the combination of K417N and other RBD mutations located on their epitopes, such as S477N, Q493R, G496S, Q498R, N501Y and Y505H of Omicron, thus causing a loss or reduction of neut
Striking antibody evasion manifested by the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2.
Abstract: This effect could be enhanced by mutations in positions 417, 484, and 493 (especially K417N, E484K, Q493K, and Q493R), and to a lesser extent by mutations in positions 486 and 499 (such as F486L and P499T).
Drastic decline in sera neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Wuhan COVID-19 convalescents.
Result: The Delta variant carries only L452R and T478K mutations in its RBD region, while the Omicron carries as much as fifteen RBD mutations of G339D, S371L, S373P, S375F, K417N, N440K, G446S, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q493R, G496S, Q498R, N501Y, Y505H.
Comprehensive annotations of the mutational spectra of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: a fast and accurate pipeline.
PMID: 32954666
2021
Transboundary and emerging diseases
Result: Q493R position showed variation in an English strain (EPI_ISL_470150) found in April.
Pan-India novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 genomics and global diversity analysis in spike protein.
Result: However, there are some sites where single mutations escape binding by both LY-CoV555 and LY-CoV016, and as a result a 1:1 cocktail of the 2 antibodies is escaped by several single mutations, including I472D, G485P, and Q493R/K (Figures 1A and S2; see the magnifiable interactive maps at https://jbloomlab.github.io/SARS-CoV-2-RBD_MAP_LY-CoV555/ to examine these mutations at higher resolution).
Result: We also note that single mutations that escape both antibodies (Q493R and Q493K) have been observed in a handful of sequenced isolates (Figure 2A).
Figure: Mutations with notable frequencies are labeled, and those discussed in the text are colored to key with (B) or to highlight observed cocktail escape mutations (Q493K/R).
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
Clinical microbiology and infection
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