SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.


  Genomic surveillance reveals the detection of SARS-CoV-2 delta, beta, and gamma VOCs during the third wave in Pakistan.
 PMID: 34726786       2021       Journal of medical virology
Result: The delta variant isolates reported following significant mutations: S:L452R (22917 T>G), S:T478K (22995 C>A), S:P681R (23604 C>G), S:D950N (24410 G>A), ORF3a:S26L (25469 C>T), M:I82T (26767 T>C), ORF7a:V82A (27638 T>C), ORF7a: PMID: 34737587       2021       Infection and drug resistance
Method: They are: S.K417T.AAG.ACG, S.D614G.GAT.GGT, S.E484K.GAA.AAA, S.E484Q.GAA.CAA, S.K417N.AAG.AAT, S.L452R.CTG.CGG, S.N501Y.AAT.TAT, S.P681R.CCT.CGT, S.T20N.ACC.AAC, S.delH69V70, S.delL242.244L, orf8.Q27ST.CAA.TAA,


  Neurological pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and pandemic potential RNA viruses: a comparative analysis.
 PMID: 34757622       2021       FEBS letters
Abstract: We present new insight into key mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (P681H) and B.1.617.2 (P681R), which may impact on neuropilin 1 (NRP1) binding and CNS invasion.


  Host Response to SARS-CoV2 and Emerging Variants in Pre-Existing Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases.
 PMID: 34760721       2021       Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Abstract: The mutations in the spike protein of VOC are implicated for increased receptor binding (N501Y, P681R) and immune escape (L452R, E484K/Q, T478K/R) to host response.
Introduction: Additionally, this variant has P681R and L452R mutations in the RBD region, with L452R also present in B.1.427/B.1.429 variants found in California, USA, which have been associated with increased transmissibility of virus.


  A Novel Strategy for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Based on Multiplex PCR-Mass Spectrometry Minisequencing Technology.
 PMID: 34787499       2021       Microbiology spectrum
Abstract: Using the nucleic acid sequence of a SARS-CoV-2 nonvariant and a synthetic SARS-CoV-2 variant-carrying plasmid, a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method based on the single-base mass probe extension of multiplex PCR amplification products was established to detect 9 mutation types in 7 mutated sites (HV6970del, N501Y, K417N, P681H, D614G, E484K, L452R, E484Q, and P681R) in the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Method:
Table: P681H/R


  SARS-COV-2 Delta variant displays moderate resistance to neutralizing antibodies and spike protein properties of higher soluble ACE2 sensitivity, enhanced cleavage and fusogenic activity.
 PMID: 34790980       2021       bioRxiv
Abstract: Finally, the spike proteins of B.1.617 variants are more efficiently cleaved due to the P681R substitution, and the spike of Delta variants exhibited greater sensitivity to soluble ACE2 neutralization, as well as fusogenic activity, which may contribute to enhanced spread of Delta variants.


  SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) Variant: A Unique T478K Mutation in Receptor Binding Motif (RBM) of Spike Gene.
 PMID: 34796036       2021       Immune network
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 delta variant shares three common mutation sites, L452R, D614G, and P681R with SARS-CoV-2 kappa and B.1.617.3 variant (Table 1).
Table: P681R


  Implication of SARS-CoV-2 Immune Escape Spike Variants on Secondary and Vaccine Breakthrough Infections.
 PMID: 34804022       2021       Frontiers in immunology
Introduction: Downstream P681R mutation in furin cleavage site promotes cleavage and processing of the spike protein and hence the entry efficiency and infectivity of the virus in vitro.
Table: P681R


  Mutation-Induced Long-Range Allosteric Interactions in the Spike Protein Determine the Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 Emerging Variants.
 PMID: 34805715       2021       ACS omega
Table: P681R


  A rigorous framework for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein mutational ensemble from genomic and structural features.
 PMID: 34806033       2021       Current research in structural biology
Result: The linker region consists of variant stretches contributed from three prominent mutations A570D, H655Y, and P681 H/R along with D614G.
Result: The linker region with P681R and H655Y along with D614G were the main amino acid co-occurring substitutions.



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