SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.


  RBD-mRNA vaccine induces broadly neutralizing antibodies against Omicron and multiple other variants and protects mice from SARS-CoV-2 challenge.
 PMID: 35489692       2022       Translational research
Abstract: The RBD-mRNA-induced antibodies exerted moderate neutralization against authentic B.1.617.2 and B.1.1.529 variants, and pseudotyped B.1.351 and P.1 lineage variants containing K417N/T, E484K, and N501Y mutations, the B.1.617.2 lineage variant harboring L452R, T478K, and P681R mutations, and the B.1.1.529 lineage variant containing 38 mutations in the S protein.


  Delta variant (B.1.617.2) of SARS-CoV-2: Mutations, impact, challenges and possible solutions.
 PMID: 35507895       2022       Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
Abstract: The enhanced transmissibility of Delta variant has been associated with critical mutations such as D614G, L452R, P681R, and T478K in the S-protein.


  Emergence in late 2020 of multiple lineages of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein variants affecting amino acid position 677.
 PMID: 33594385       2021       medRxiv
Discussion: At least two emergent lineages of concern, B.1.1.7 (501Y.V1), and a newer variant whose prevalence is on the rise in Uganda both contain amino acid substitutions affecting the first position of the polybasic cleavage site, S:P681H and S:P681R, respectively.


  Estimation of secondary household attack rates for emergent SARS-CoV-2 variants detected by genomic surveillance at a community-based testing site in San Francisco.
 PMID: 33688689       2021       medRxiv
Result: Moderately prevalent mutations were observed at spike position 681 (P681H, n=29 and P681R, n=1), which is within the furin recognition site, and at spike position 677, where two different amino acid substitutions were observed in this cohort (Q677H, n=21 and Q677P, n=10).


  Extensive genetic diversity with novel mutations in spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Bangladesh in late 2020.
 PMID: 33936746       2021       New microbes and new infections
Abstract: A P681R substitution adjacent to the furin cleavage site was detected in one sample.


  Preliminary report on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike mutation T478K.
 PMID: 33951211       2021       Journal of medical virology
Table: P681R


  Mutation in a SARS-CoV-2 Haplotype from Sub-Antarctic Chile Reveals New Insights into the Spike's Dynamics.
 PMID: 34064904       2021       Viruses
Discussion: The B1.525 variant harbors a Q677H mutation, the variant B1.1.7 reported in the United Kingdom carries A570D and P681H mutations, the P1 variant from Brazil shows the H655Y mutation, and the recently reported B.1.617 strain in India shows a P681R change.


  Molecular Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Circulating in Bangladesh during 2020 Revealed Lineage Diversity and Potential Mutations.
 PMID: 34065789       2021       Microorganisms
Result: Furthermore, other potential mutations (L5F, N354S, A520K, Q675H/R, Discussion: Bangladeshi strains exhibited other S protein mutations or variants, as well as combined variants, such as L5F, L18F, N354S, A520K, Q675H/R, P681H/R, L5F + D614G, and D614G + M1229Y, which have been previously linked with increased infectivity under experimental setups and may have significant biological properties in response to natural infection.


  The Spike of Concern-The Novel Variants of SARS-CoV-2.
 PMID: 34071984       2021       Viruses
Introduction: Antibodies and sera from vaccinated people are, however, able to neutralise a pseudotyped VSV virus carrying the B.1.617 spike with the mutations R21T, E154K, Q218H, L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R, and H1101D (GISAID Accession ID: PI_ISL_1360382).
Introduction: B.1.617 is currently not a defined variant, as it consolidates a group of sequence clusters within clade G that share the common signature mutations: G142D, L452R, E484Q, D614G, and P681R (Table 1) as well the silent mutation


  A Unique SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein P681H Variant Detected in Israel.
 PMID: 34201088       2021       Vaccines
Introduction: Additionally, the A.23.1 variant that has been reported as the dominant lineage in Uganda and the B.1.617 family of variants identified in India (not published) acquired the P681R mutation in the same position.



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