Introduction: All three sublineages of B.1.617 display P681R adjacent to the furin cleavage site and have enhanced S cleavage by furin, which is hypothesized to be enhancing transmissibility and pathogenicity.
Introduction: It is characterized by spike mutations T19R, G142D, Delta157-158, L452R, T478K, D614G, P681R, and D950N (Figure 3).
Introduction: The other two sublineages have a similar mutational profile: B.1.617.1 is defined by the spike amino acid changes G142D, E154K, L452R, PMID: 34207378
2021
Viruses
Introduction: It carries Spike mutations including E484K, N501Y, D614G, P681H/R, and V1176F.
Insilico study on the effect of SARS-CoV-2 RBD hotspot mutants' interaction with ACE2 to understand the binding affinity and stability.
Result: On the other hand, 13 FCS mutations, namely, S680P, S680F, P681H, P681R, P681S, P681L, R682W, Table: P681R
Discussion: Deep analysis of SARS-CoV-2 S protein sequences revealed multiple substitutions, including S680P/F, P681H/R/S/L, R682G/Q/W, R683G/P, A684E/S/T/V, S686R, V687I, and A688S/V (Table 1).
SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Indian variants: Are electrostatic potential changes responsible for a higher transmission rate?
Abstract: This variant has 13 amino acid changes, three in its spike protein, which are currently of particular concern: E484Q, L452R, and P681R.
Trajectory of Growth of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Variants in Houston, Texas, January through May 2021, Based on 12,476 Genome Sequences.
PMID: 34303698
2021
The American journal of pathology
Result: These two variants are characterized by a core group of amino acid replacements in spike protein: L452R, T478K or E484Q, D614G, and P681R (Figure 6).
Conformational Variability Correlation Prediction of Transmissibility and Neutralization Escape Ability for Multiple Mutation SARS-CoV-2 Strains using SSSCPreds.
Introduction: The main protein substitutions are L452R, E484Q (or T478K), D614G, and P681R.
Result: B.1.1.7 and B.1.617.2 strains have the P681H/R mutation sites at the furin cleavage site of SARS-CoV-2.
Result: The sequence flexibility/rigidity map patterns of the P681H/R mutation sites are more flexible than that of the wild-type strain.
Figure: Sequence flexibility/rigidity maps of all of the single amino acidmutations at the P681H/R mutation sites (blue: identical alpha-helix-typeconformations; red: identical beta-sheet-type conformations; andgreen: identical other-type conformations).
Modelling conformational state dynamics and its role on infection for SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein variants.
Result: For example, the Indian variant B.1.617.2 (also known as Delta), contains a core number of mutations in Spike (G142D, E154K, L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R, Q1071H) but also additional sub-strain variations (T95I, H1101D or V382L).
Neutralizing Activity of Sera from Sputnik V-Vaccinated People against Variants of Concern (VOC: B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, B.1.617.2, B.1.617.3) and Moscow Endemic SARS-CoV-2 Variants.
Abstract: The signature mutations possessed by these strains were L452R, T478K, E484Q, D614G and P681R in the spike protein, including within the receptor-binding domain (RBD
Result: P681R is noted in the S1-S2 furin cleavage site.
Result: Induction of a P681R point mutation in the modeled structure further revealed that the side chain of R681 could facilitate additional interactions with furin.
Result: Mutation G142D and P681R, within the spike but outside the RBD region, were common to all the three new lineages (Figure 3).
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
Viruses
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