Molecular definition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 receptor-binding domain mutations: Receptor affinity versus neutralization of receptor interaction.
Spike protein cleavage-activation mediated by the SARS-CoV-2 P681R mutation: a case-study from its first appearance in variant of interest (VOI) A.23.1 identified in Uganda.
Abstract: However, these changes in infectivity were not reproduced in the original Wuhan-Hu-1 spike bearing only the P681R substitution.
Abstract: Our findings suggest that while A.23.1 has increased furin-mediated cleavage linked to the P681R substitution, which may affect viral infection and transmissibility, this substitution alone is not sufficient and needs to occur on the background of other spike protein changes to enable its full functional consequences.
Abstract: The A.23 viral lineage, characterized by three spike mutations F157L, V367F and Q613H, was first identified in COVID-19 cases from a Ugandan prison in July 2020, and then was identified in the gen
Occurrence of a novel cleavage site for cathepsin G adjacent to the polybasic sequence within the proteolytically sensitive activation loop of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: The amino acid substitution N679K and P681H of the spike protein.
Result: However, CatG cleaved SARS-CoV-2 N679K P681R (Omicron) peptide with a substrate turnover rate of approximately 20%.
Result: In a first set of investigations, a prediction approach of cleavage sites for the SARS-CoV-1 660YHTVSLLRSTSQKS673, SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan) 678TNSPRRARSVASQS691, SARS-CoV-2 P681H (Alpha) 678TNSHRRARSVASQS691, and SARS-CoV-2 P681R (Delta) 678TNSRRRARSVASQS691, SARS-CoV-2 N679K (C.1.2) 674YQTQTKSPRRARSVASQS691, and SARS-CoV-2 N679K P681R (Omicron) 674YQTQTKSHRRARSVASQS691.
Result: In an additional experiment, we tested whether the digestion pattern might change when SARS-CoV-2 N679K P681R (Omicron) peptide will be incubated with Cat
Delta variant (B.1.617.2) of SARS-CoV-2: Mutations, impact, challenges and possible solutions.
PMID: 35507895
2022
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
Abstract: The enhanced transmissibility of Delta variant has been associated with critical mutations such as D614G, L452R, P681R, and T478K in the S-protein.
RBD-mRNA vaccine induces broadly neutralizing antibodies against Omicron and multiple other variants and protects mice from SARS-CoV-2 challenge.
Abstract: The RBD-mRNA-induced antibodies exerted moderate neutralization against authentic B.1.617.2 and B.1.1.529 variants, and pseudotyped B.1.351 and P.1 lineage variants containing K417N/T, E484K, and N501Y mutations, the B.1.617.2 lineage variant harboring L452R, T478K, and P681R mutations, and the B.1.1.529 lineage variant containing 38 mutations in the S protein.
SARS-CoV-2 mutations acquired during serial passage in human cell lines are consistent with several of those found in recent natural SARS-CoV-2 variants.
PMID: 35474907
2022
Computational and structural biotechnology journal
Introduction: For example, the D614G and P681R mutations in the spike protein were associated with increased viral replication in human lung epithelial cells and enhanced viral pathogenicity, respectively.
Functional Analysis of Spike from SARS-CoV-2 Variants Reveals the Role of Distinct Mutations in Neutralization Potential and Viral Infectivity.
Introduction: Here we used pseudoviruses to monitor the effects of FCS-spike mutations of either Alpha/Omicron (P681H), Beta (A701V), or Delta (P681R) on viral infectivity and neutralization sensitivity against sera that was drawn from fully vaccinated individuals.
Introduction: Our analysis shows that, similarly to Delta pseudoviruses that carry L452R, T478K, and P681R, pseudoviruses with single L452R or K478T RBB mutations display a moderate reduction in neutralization sensitivity relative to wild-type SARS-CoV-2.
Introduction: Single mutations within the FCS region were inserted to the wild-type Wuhan spike, as we demonstrated that
Antigenicity comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages with other variants contained multiple mutations in RBD.
Comparative genomics, evolutionary epidemiology, and RBD-hACE2 receptor binding pattern in B.1.1.7 (Alpha) and B.1.617.2 (Delta) related to their pandemic response in UK and India.
PMID: 35427787
2022
Infection, genetics and evolution
Figure: (I) Molecular association between the residues in the wild-type P681R mutation.
Figure: (J) The schematic diagram shows the molecular association between the residues in the wild-type P681R mutation.
Figure: (K) Molecular association between the residues in the mutant type P681R mutation.
Figure: (L) The schematic diagram shows the molecular association between the residues of mutant type P681R mutation.
Figure: The diagram shows significant mutations in B.1.1.7 (N501Y, D614G, and P681R) and B.1.617.2 (N501Y, D614G, L452R, E484Q, and P681R
Role of the Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19.
PMID: 35433495
2022
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
Allergy
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