literature

SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.

Haplotype distribution of SARS-CoV-2 variants in low and high vaccination rate countries during ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic in early 2021.

PMID: 34848355 2022 Infection, genetics and evolution

Abstract: In addition, the profiling of sub-haplotypes indicated that sub-haplotype 2A_1 with the mutations at N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, and D118H in Spike was over 58% in May 2021 in the high partly vaccinated rate group (US, Canada, and Germany).

Result: Among the sub-haplotypes of haplotype 2A variants, sub-haplotype 2A_1 was the most prevalent sub-haplotype in the partly vaccinated rate group, containing three mutations in nsp3 (T183I, A890D, I1412T), seven new mutations in

Table: P681H

A year living with SARS-CoV-2: an epidemiological overview of viral lineage circulation by whole-genome sequencing in Barcelona city (Catalonia, Spain).

PMID: 34842496 2022 Emerging microbes & infections

Result: The D614G (96.4%) substitution was observed in most viral genomes, in addition to multiple mutations defining lineages, such as the mutation set Delta69-70, Delta144, N501Y, A570D, P681H, T716I, S982A, and D1118H for B.1.1.7 viruses.

Longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 spike and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase protein sequences reveals the emergence and geographic distribution of diverse mutations.

PMID: 34801754 2022 Infection, genetics and evolution

Figure: 1 associated with the Alpha variant of concern first detected in the United Kingdom are H69_V70del, Y144del (identified as Y145del by alignment software), N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, and D1118H.

Figure: Mutations associated with the Alpha variant of concern (H69_V70del, Y145del, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, and D1118H) have rapidly increased in prevalen

Analysis of SARS-COV2 spike protein variants among Iraqi isolates.

PMID: 34754982 2022 Gene reports

Abstract: Twenty-two distinct mutations were identified within the spike protein regions which were: L5F, L18F, T19R, S151T, G181A, A222V, A348S, L452 (Q or M),

Result: However, P681H, which can be found in Alpha (20I, V1), Kappa, and Delta variants, and the residue is located near to the furin cleavage; mutation of P618 to H can increase the transmissibility of the virus.

Result: Other predominant mutations which appeared frequently among Iraq isolates were S982A (55%), A570D (53%), P681H (52%), D1118H (51%).

Assessment of the binding interactions of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein variants.

PMID: 34545316 2022 Journal of pharmaceutical analysis

Introduction: This variant is defined as lineage B.1.1.7 and has multiple spike protein amino acid deletions and mutations, such as deletion 69-70, deletion 144, and mutations N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, and D1118H.

Monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: screening algorithm with single nucleotide polymorphism detection for the rapid identification of established and emerging variants.

PMID: 34537361 2022 Clinical microbiology and infection

Discussion: The proposed algorithm uses SGTF as first discriminator, which could be considered a limitation but alternative strategies including the E484K/Q, L452R, P681R/H and H655Y or K417N/T mutations could be used to discriminate between variants without the requirement of the SGTF.

Molecular definition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 receptor-binding domain mutations: Receptor affinity versus neutralization of receptor interaction.

PMID: 34240429 2022 Allergy

Table: P681H

An Update on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Diversity in the US National Capital Region: Evolution of Novel and Variants of Concern.

PMID: 34272947 2022 Clinical infectious diseases

Abstract: A significant increase in the B.1.1.7 lineage (alpha variant) in March 2021 as well as a transient circulation of regional variants that carried both the concerning S: E484K and S: P681H substitutions were noted.

Introduction: Along with multiple mutations in the spike protein, there are 3 specific changes of particular concern: the S: N501Y, shown to enhance the binding affinity to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the S: 69-70del that could potentially cause immune escape, and the S: P681H that is close to the furin cleavage site.

Result: Amino acid changes in hospitalized patients compared with all patients with >=10% pr

Spike protein cleavage-activation mediated by the SARS-CoV-2 P681R mutation: a case-study from its first appearance in variant of interest (VOI) A.23.1 identified in Uganda.

PMID: 34230931 2022 bioRxiv

8Discussion: This VOC is characterized by a P681H mutation in the spike S1/S2 ""furin cleavage site"" and has been linked to increased transmissibility due to the presence of the additional basic amino acid, histidine (H)."

Molecular epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from COVID-19 family clusters.

PMID: 34074255 2021 BMC medical genomics

Discussion: B.1.1.7 variant (multiple spike protein mutations: deletion 69-70, deletion 144, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, D1118H).

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