Result: It is natural to name the haplotype T478K-D614G-P681H-T732A as a B.1.1.222.
Result: It is plausible that the P681H mutation increases the flexibility of the S1/S2 cleavage segment, which might lead to enhanced cleavage and infectivity.
Result: The P681H mutation occurs in the S1/S2 cleavage segment of the Spike protein, which is typically not resolved in cryo-electron microscopy or X-ray diffraction experiments.
Phylodynamic Pattern of Genetic Clusters, Paradigm Shift on Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Clades, and Impact of Spike Glycoprotein Mutations of SARS-CoV-2 Isolates from India.
PMID: 35017872
2021
Journal of global infectious diseases
Result: Figure 4 shows prevalent mutations such as D614G, Q677H and P681H originated during March, April and July respectively and their appearance was observed till the end of the year 2020.
Result: Many amino acid mutations were observed to be region specific namely F32Y, T33K and G35Q mutations (in Karnata
Figure: D614G, Q677H and P681H mutations originated during the first half of the year and their appearance was observed throughout the year; L54F, K77M and P812 L mutations emerged during the first half of the year but absent after few months of their appearance.
Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Virus Strains Variation of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Jiangsu Province-A Retrospective Study.
Discussion: In addition, 20% of SNP changes occurred in the S gene, such as p.Asp501Tyr, p.Pro681His, and p.Pro681Arg.
Discussion: Previous SARS-CoV-2 studies suggest that the p.Pro681His mutation is associated with enhanced systemic infection and increased membrane fusion.
Discussion: The p.Pro681His mutation has unique and emerging characteristics with a significant exponential increase in worldwide frequency.
Discussion: The p.Pro681His mutation is the characteristic of the n
SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Displays Moderate Resistance to Neutralizing Antibodies and Spike Protein Properties of Higher Soluble ACE2 Sensitivity, Enhanced Cleavage and Fusogenic Activity.
Result: B.1.1.7 and WT(D614G) pseudoviruses bearing P681H also displayed enhanced spike cleavage (Figure 5A), consistent with previous reports.
Result: B.1.429 pseudoviruses that lack P681R or P681H substitutions near the furin cleavage site displayed inefficient spike cleavage, whereas the furin cleavage site ( PRRA)-deleted spike lacked cleavage.
Result: Further investigations of the role of P681H/R substitutions for virus transmissibility and cell-to-cell spread in in vivo animal models are needed.
Result: Our findings agree with several studies reporting enhanced furin cleavage efficiency of B.1.1.7 and B.1.617 spikes bearing
Semi-Supervised Pipeline for Autonomous Annotation of SARS-CoV-2 Genomes.
Result: This includes observations of deletions early in the S protein and differentiation between substitutions P681H, which is a mutation of interest, and P681R.
Insights into the Binding of Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Wild Type and B.1.620 Variant with hACE2 Using Molecular Docking and Simulation Approaches.
Introduction: This variant harbors E484K, N501Y, and P681H mutations in the spike protein, while many other new mutations accompany these mutations, including R346K, Y144T, Y145S, and 146N insertion.
Result: Recently, a new variant of concern, B.1.620, with 23 mutations in total, including S477N, E484K, D614G, and P681H, has been reported.
The Development of SARS-CoV-2 Variants: The Gene Makes the Disease.
PMID: 34940505
2021
Journal of developmental biology
Introduction: P681R is located in the S1/S2 furin-cleavage site, the same residue affected in the P681H substitution found in the Alpha variant.
Introduction: Although P681H initially raised much interest, it has not yet been found to significantly impact viral fitness (see Box 1).
Introduction: Different mutations have been observed in this residue, such as the P681H mutation in the Alpha variant, P681R in Delta and DeltaP681 in the Indian lineage B.1.617 (Table 2).
Introduction: In addition, mutation P681H, which is immediately adjacent to the furin S1/S2 cleavage site in spike, could facilitate the processing of the spike protein, and thus improve binding to ACE2.
Introduction: This va
Booster of mRNA-1273 Strengthens SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Neutralization.
Introduction: The Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant encodes an S protein with nine mutations (del 69-70, Del 144, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, and D1118H), of which N501Y is in the receptor-binding domain (RBD).
Relative Consolidation of the Kappa Variant Pre-Dates the Massive Second Wave of COVID-19 in India.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
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