SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.


  Assessment of the binding interactions of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein variants.
 PMID: 34545316       2022       Journal of pharmaceutical analysis
Introduction: For example, mutation N501Y, which occurs in a position within the RBD, was identified as a key contributor to increased binding affinity with ACE2 as
Method: SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) spike S1 rabbit monoclonal antibody (mAb1), SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) spike neutralizing rabbit monoclonal antibody (mAb2), and recombinant proteins corresponding to the original SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD; original S1; spike S1 variant D614G; and RBD protein variants N501Y, N439K, Y453F, and E84K were purchased from Sino Biological (Wayne, PA, USA).


  Proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
 PMID: 34561887       2022       Microbiology and immunology
Introduction: It does not have mutations found in the aforesaid three VOCs, such as N501Y, E484K, and K417N/T.
Introduction: The alpha-variant emerged in the United Kingdom in November 2020 and has an N501Y mutation that directly affects the interaction with ACE2, making it more contagious than previous strains (Figure 5).
Introduction: The beta and gamma variants emerged in South Africa and Brazil, respectively, and in addition to N501Y, they have mutations, K417N/T and E484K, which may directly affect the interaction with ACE2, resulting in enhanced ACE2 binding (Figure 5).


  A low-cost TaqMan minor groove binder probe-based one-step RT-qPCR assay for rapid identification of N501Y variants of SARS-CoV-2.
 PMID: 34656702       2022       Journal of virological methods
Abstract: N501Y mutation was successfully detected at an allele frequency as low as 10 % in a sample with mixed SARS-CoV-2 lineage.
Abstract: A total of 31 PANGO lineages were identified from 168 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases, in which 34 samples belonged to N501Y variants, including B.1.1.7 (n = 20), B.1.351 (n = 12) and P.3 (n = 2).
Abstract: In this study, we developed an in-house TaqMan minor groove binder (MGB) probe-based one-step RT-qPCR assay to detect the presence of N501Y mutation in SARS-CoV-2.


  SARS-CoV-2 Causes Lung Infection without Severe Disease in Human ACE2 Knock-In Mice.
 PMID: 34668780       2022       Journal of virology
Abstract: Because the entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in mice remain uncertain, we evaluated the impact of the naturally occurring, mouse-adapting N501Y mutation by comparing infection of hACE2 KI, K18-hACE2 Tg, ACE2-deficient, and wild-type C57BL/6 mice.
Abstract: Overall, our study highlights the hACE2 KI mice as a model of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease and clarifies the requirement of the N501Y mutation in mice.
Abstract: The N501Y mutation minimally affected SARS-CoV-2 infection in hACE2 KI mice but was required for viral replication in wild-type C57BL/6 mice in a mACE2-dependent manner and augmented pathogenesis in the K18-hACE2 Tg mice.


  Nucleocapsid mutations in SARS-CoV-2 augment replication and pathogenesis.
 PMID: 34671771       2022       bioRxiv
Discussion: Overall, in this study we establish that the KR mt enhances SARS-CoV-2 infection relative to WT, increasing viral fitness in vitro and in vivo, which along with the N501Y mutation, likely selected for the emergence of the alpha variant.


  A humanized nanobody phage display library yields potent binders of SARS CoV-2 spike.
 PMID: 34729560       2022       bioRxiv
Abstract: Molecular dynamics simulations provide a structural basis for understanding the neutralization process of nanobodies exclusively focused on the spike-ACE2 interface with and without the N501Y mutation on RBD.
Abstract: The most potent nanobody, RBD-1-2G(NCATS-BL8125), tolerates the N501Y RBD mutation and remains capable of neutralizing the B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant.


  Identification of genotypic variants and its proteomic mutations of Brazilian SARS-CoV-2 isolates.
 PMID: 34740719       2022       Virus research
Table: N501Y
Discussion: N501Y mutation in the spike protein of B.1.1.7 mutant viruses was experimentally showed to exert enhanced replication rates in cell lines and human respiratory cells (ex-vivo studies), which might occur through the same mechanism (; Moelling, 2021).


  Analysis of SARS-COV2 spike protein variants among Iraqi isolates.
 PMID: 34754982       2022       Gene reports
Abstract: Twenty-two distinct mutations were identified within the spike protein regions which were: L5F, L18F, T19R, S151T, G181A, A222V, A348S, L452 (Q or M), T478K, N501Y, A520S, A522V, A570D, S605A, D614G, Q675H, N679K, P681H, T716I, S982A, A1020S,  PMID: 34756912       2022       The Science of the total environment
Method: RT-qPCR was performed in a reaction volume of 20 muL, consisting of 5 muL TaqPath 1-Step RT-qPCR Master Mix, CG (ThermoFisher Scientific), 500 nM (ND3L), 400 nM (Sdel), 250 nM (N501Y) final concentration of each primer (ThermoFisher Scientific), 500 nM (D3L, Sdel), 250 nM (N501Y) of each probe (ThermoFisher Scientific), 4 muL of template RNA and Invitrogen nuclease free H2O (ThermoFisher Scientific).
Method: The spike protein N501Y mutation consisting of an A->T at position 23063 alters one of the key contact residues within the receptor binding domain, leading to inc
Discussion: The relative proportion of B.1.1.7 to WT in wastewater can be estimated using the Sdel and ND3L assays, while N501Y is present in B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1.


  SARS-CoV-2 spike evolutionary behaviors; simulation of N501Y mutation outcomes in terms of immunogenicity and structural characteristic.
 PMID: 34783057       2022       Journal of cellular biochemistry
Abstract: Moreover, following the N501Y mutation secondary structure and folding of the spike protein changed dramatically.
Abstract: Our group utilizes computational biology approaches such as immunoinformatics, protein-protein interaction analysis, molecular dynamics, free energy computation, and tertiary structure analysis to disclose the consequences of N501Y mutation at the molecular level.
Abstract: There is a lot of focus on RBD mutations, especially the displacement of N501Y which is observed in the UK/Kent, South Africa, and Brazilian lineages of SARS-CoV-2.



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