Introduction: The most recent variants, referred to as the Kappa and the Delta variants, are characterized by six mutations (E154K, L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R, and Q1071H), and eight mutations (T19R, del156/157, R158G, L452R, T478K, P618R, D614G, and D950N) on the spike gene, respectively.
Antigenicity of the Mu (B.1.621) and A.2.5 SARS-CoV-2 Spikes.
Abstract: Similarly, the L452R mutation of B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant is present in A.2.5.
Introduction: Another variant, A.2.5, likely spread north from Central America to the Quebec province in Canada and accumulated deletions 141-143 at the NTD and the L452R mutations in RBD.
Introduction: Further analysis revealed the convergent acquisition of the D614G and L452R signature mutations of the B lineages and Delta variant, respectively, and a mutational jump of 23 mutations, a characteristic of most of the VOCs.
Genomic characterization unravelling the causative role of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of lineage B.1.617.2 in 2nd wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Chhattisgarh, India.
Abstract: Delta variant spike mutation of T19R, G142D, E156G, L452R, and deletion (F157 and R158) helps in escaping antibody response, T478K and D614G enhance viral affinity with ACE2 receptor while P681R and D950N result in higher replication and transmissibility by cleaving S1/S2 at furin site.
Abstract: In this study, we successfully developed a novel screening assay using high-resolution melting analysis, in which two genotypes at G446/L452 and S477/T478 RBD were determined (G446S/L452 and S477N/T478K for Omicron; G446/L452R and S477/T478K for Delta).
Infection spread simulation technology in a mixed state of multi variant viruses.
Introduction: Based on new findings, strains that contain L452R mutation can evade host immune response by escaping both cell and humoral immune systems, so it can be concluded that this virus is more dangerous and deadly.
Introduction: It was first classified in India in December 2020 and quickly established itself as the most common lineage within the country, leading to an ultimate increase in the number of cases and daily deaths and overburdening of health systems in April 2021 More detailed analysis disclosed that the prevailing lineage in distribution is a novel identified lineage B.1.617 holding in common signature mutations D111D, G142D, L452R, E484Q, D614G, and P681R, in the spike protein, containing with
Multiplexed Lab-on-a-Chip Bioassays for Testing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants in Multiple Individuals.
Abstract: The concentrations of antibodies against RBD, D614G, N501Y, E484K, and L452R/E484Q-mutants after two doses of vaccines are 6.6 +- 3.6, 8.7 +- 4.6, 3.4 +- 2.8, 3.8 +- 2.8, and 2.8 +- 2.3 ng/mL, respectively.
Abstract: This suggests that neutralizing activities against N501Y, E484K, and L452R/E484Q-mutants were less effective than RBD and D614G-mutant.
Introduction: Each test can detect six targets (RBD, D614G, N501Y,
Less Frequent Sequence Mismatches in Variants of Concern (VOCs) of SARS-CoV-2 in the Real-Time RT-PCR Assays Developed by the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan.
PMID: 34193667
2022
Japanese journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: The mismatch, that G to C substitution at nucleotide 8 in reverse primer of S2 set, elevated to about 16.3% in G/L452R.V3, however the substitution did not affect the analytical sensitivity of assay.
Abstract: The variant containing L to R substitution at position 452 in the S protein G/L452R.V3 (B1.617) was endemic to India.
Mutations that adapt SARS-CoV-2 to mink or ferret do not increase fitness in the human airway.
Result: A number of these variants have RBD mutations such as L452R,
Discussion: Except for the Danish mink-adapted SARS-CoV-2 spillback, Y453F is found rarely in humans with very few isolates reported in GISAID and only a single report of the mutation arising in immunocompromised patients - this is despite Y453F having been shown in several studies to enhance human ACE2 binding, in a similar manner to the VOC-associated mutations N501Y or L452R.
Discussion: Here, we have demonstrated many VOCs, particularly Alpha/B.1.1.7 as well as those containing L452R (such as Delta/B.1.617.2), could have a fundamental fitness advantage in mink by increasing interaction with mustelid ACE2, compared with previous nonvariant strains.
Limited spread of a rare spike E484K-harboring SARS-CoV-2 in Marseille, France.
Introduction: The Marseille-484K.V1, or R.1, lineage is another example of convergent evolution leading to the amino acid substitution E484K, as also observed for the substitutions L452R, N501Y, Q677H, and L18F, which have occurred independently in various SARS-CoV-2 lineages and geographical areas.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
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