literature

SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.

Use of Lateral Flow Immunoassay to Characterize SARS-CoV-2 RBD-Specific Antibodies and Their Ability to React with the UK, SA and BR P.1 Variant RBDs.

PMID: 34208912 2021 Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

Introduction: Figure 1 summarizes currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants and their respective mutations within the spike RBD, which include the following: N501Y in the UK, SA, and BR-P.1 variants; E484K/Q in the SA, BR P.1, BR P.2, NY, and IN variants; K417N/T in the SA and BR P.1 variants; L452R in the CA and IN variants; S477N in some NY variants; and Y453F in the Denmark mink variant.

SARS-CoV-2 immune evasion by the B.1.427/B.1.429 variant of concern.

PMID: 34210893 2021 Science (New York, N.Y.)

Abstract: A novel variant of concern (VOC) named CAL.20C (B.1.427/B.1.429), which was originally detected in California, carries spike glycoprotein mutations S13I in the signal peptide, W152C in the N-terminal domain (NTD), and L452R in the receptor-binding domain (RBD).

Abstract: The L452R mutation reduced neutralizing activity in 14 of 34 RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).

The emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.

PMID: 34211709 2021 Therapeutic advances in infectious disease

4Method: Another variant found to be spreading in Bengal, B.1.618, also known as ""triple mutant,"" is suspected to have evolved from B.1.617 and has the V382L mutation in addition to E484Q and L452R."

4Method: Furthermore, one unique lineage of interest with increased infectivity and immune escape is B.1.617, the ""double mutant"" that carries two prominent mutations: E484Q and L452R."

Method: Surging in late 2020, mutation L452R also referred to as the CAL.20C, a variant with lineages B.1.427 and B.1.429, has not yet been shown to be more infectious, though the numbers of confirmed cases are increasing throughout the state of California.

Method: Therefore, priority has been placed on tracking the following mutations circulating worldwide:

PMID: 34217923 2021 Virology

Introduction: The lineage is B.1.617.2 (Delta) with mutations, L452R, T478K, D614G and P681R in the S protein.

Result: The variant B.1.617 with RBD mutations E484Q and L452R in complex with ACE2 has the total binding free energy of -64.89 kcal/mol.

SARS-CoV-2: Origin, Evolution, and Targeting Inhibition.

PMID: 34222046 2021 Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

Discussion: Recently, other mutations, such as E484Q and L452R, have emerged and have decreased the effect of the vaccine.

Antibody Cocktail Exhibits Broad Neutralization Activity Against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

PMID: 34224110 2021 Virologica Sinica

Discussion: Furthermore, the unchanged neutralizing activity to N501Y, E484K, and L452R indicated that the gained antibodies may also neutralize the recent India endemic strain B.1.617, which revealed a broad neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Discussion: Mutation L452R carried by the Indian variants B.1.617 could also be effectively neutralized by F61 and H121.

Discussion: Pseudovirus with single-residue variants of K417N, L452R, A475V, E484K and N501Y on S protein could be efficiently neutralized by F61 and H121.

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Indian variants: Are electrostatic potential changes responsible for a higher transmission rate?

PMID: 34260088 2021 Journal of medical virology

Abstract: This variant has 13 amino acid changes, three in its spike protein, which are currently of particular concern: E484Q, L452R, and P681R.

Introduction: Two of them, the E484Q (or the P478K) and the L452R, are located in the RBD region, and they are critical sites for the binding with ACE2.

Result: Mutation L452R is predicted to be destabilizing with increased local flexibility.

Expansion of L452R-Positive SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant, Northern Lombardy, Italy.

PMID: 34260717 2021 The Journal of infectious diseases

Abstract: The effect is similar in magnitude to the loss of sensitivity conferred by L452R or E484Q alone.

Abstract: There have been fears that 2 key mutations seen in the receptor-binding domain, L452R and E484Q, would have additive effects on evasion of neutralizing antibodies.

Abstract: These data demonstrate reduced sensitivity to vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies by L452R and E484Q but lack of synergistic loss of sensitivity.

SARS-CoV-2 testing and sequencing for international arrivals reveals significant cross border transmission of high risk variants into the United Kingdom.

PMID: 34278277 2021 EClinicalMedicine

Introduction: A further VOC has recently been identified in India, designated B.1.617 and contains 3 clades with different mutation profiles; B.1.617.1 has a spike profile which includes L452R and E484Q; B.1.617.2 has a different profile without E484Q and appears to have undergone recent expansion; B.1.617.3 has L452R and E484Q but is distinct from B.1.617.1 and currently is only detected in a small proportion of sequences.

Discussion: In relation to the B.1.617 lineage, spike L452R is notable for its ability to induce substantially reduced sensitivity to convalescent sera and for having the greatest increase in binding affinity to ACE2.

A Simple Reverse Transcriptase PCR Melting-Temperature Assay To Rapidly Screen for Widely Circulating SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

PMID: 34288729 2021 Journal of clinical microbiology

Introduction: Most of the new variants also have mutations at the 501 and/or 484 position, although additional mutations, such as L452R, have also been reported in more recent variants; however, the epidemiological and clinical relevance of these new variants are not well understood.

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