SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.


  Analysis of SARS-COV2 spike protein variants among Iraqi isolates.
 PMID: 34754982       2022       Gene reports
Introduction: This variant is characterized by having several mutations in the spike proteins including L452R, T478K and P681R.
Result: Previously, the L452R variant was shown to become resistant to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) X593 and P2B-2F6, however, mutating leucine (L) to glutamine (Q) or methionine (M) among the Iraqi strains could affect differently on the sensitivity of the strain towards the host and/or vaccine-induced immunity.


  Predominance of antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccine breakthrough cases from the San Francisco Bay Area, California.
 PMID: 35013591       2022       Nature microbiology
Abstract: Vaccine breakthrough infections were more commonly associated with circulating antibody-resistant variants carrying >=1 mutation associated with decreased antibody neutralization (L452R/Q, E484K/Q and/or F490S) than infections in unvaccinated individuals (78% versus 48%, P = 1.96 x 10-8).


  Modeling SARS-CoV-2 spike/ACE2 protein-protein interactions for predicting the binding affinity of new spike variants for ACE2, and novel ACE2 structurally related human protein targets, for COVID-19 handling in the 3PM context.
 PMID: 35013687       2022       The EPMA journal
Abstract: By using our pipeline, we built 3D comparative models of the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD/ACE2 protein complexes for the VoC B.1.1.7-United Kingdom (carrying the mutations of concern/interest N501Y, S494P, E484K at the RBD), P.1-Japan/Brazil (RBD mutations: K417T, E484K, N501Y), B.1.351-South Africa (RBD mutations: K417N, E484K, N501Y), B.1.427/B.1.429-California (RBD mutations: L452R), the B.1.141 (


  SARS-CoV-2 multiplex RT-PCR to detect variants of concern (VOCs) in Malaysia, between January to May 2021.
 PMID: 35026305       2022       Journal of virological methods
Introduction: The most recent VOC B.1.617.2 contains L452R and P681R mutations.
Discussion: However, new important variants such as B.1.617.1 (kappa), B.1.617.2 (delta) and B.1.617.3 have subsequently emerged, with mutations such as L452R and P681R that are not detected by these assays, necessitating additional panels.


  Aggregation of high-frequency RBD mutations of SARS-CoV-2 with three VOCs did not cause significant antigenic drift.
 PMID: 35032057       2022       Journal of medical virology
Introduction: As of March 2021, the 15 most commonly observed mutations in the RBD were as follows: V367F, P384L, K417N, N439K, L452R, Y453F, S477N, S477R, T478K, E484K, S494P, N501T, N501Y, A520S, and A522S, which were located at 13 sites in the RBD.
Introduction: Mutations such as N501Y, S477N,  PMID: 35035981       2022       New microbes and new infections
Table: L452R


  Drastic decline in sera neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Wuhan COVID-19 convalescents.
 PMID: 35060426       2022       Emerging microbes & infections
Introduction: Different spike mutation
Result: The Delta variant carries only L452R and T478K mutations in its RBD region, while the Omicron carries as much as fifteen RBD mutations of G339D, S371L, S373P, S375F, K417N, N440K, G446S, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q493R, G496S, Q498R, N501Y, Y505H.


  An Update on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Diversity in the US National Capital Region: Evolution of Novel and Variants of Concern.
 PMID: 34272947       2022       Clinical infectious diseases
Introduction: These variants are characterized by the S: L452R, which could affect neutralization by monoclonal antibodies.
Result: Other lineages with L452R included A.2.5, B.1.526.1, and B.1.1.487 (Supplementary Figure 2).
Result: Others, such as S:P681H, S:L452R, N:R203K, and S:E484K, were present in multiple lineages and showed an undulating pattern (Supplementary Table 2).


  High throughput sequencing based direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 fragments in wastewater of Pune, West India.
 PMID: 34688738       2022       The Science of the total environment
Conclusion: The observation of mutations L452R and E484Q associated with B.1.617.1 variant lineage in similar period of declaration as variant of concern provides a conclusive evidence of WBE as early warning system.
Result: Notably, nine mutations in the Spike region (S: L452R, S:C480R, S: E484Q, S: D614G, S: P681R, S: N801, S: D950N, S:
Table: L452R


  Molecular definition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 receptor-binding domain mutations: Receptor affinity versus neutralization of receptor interaction.
 PMID: 34240429       2022       Allergy
Table: L452R



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