literature

SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.

Emergence of a novel SARS-CoV-2 Pango lineage B.1.1.526 in West Bengal, India.

PMID: 34896696 2022 Journal of infection and public health

Introduction: Along with the clade specific mutations, these variants have their own sets of characteristics mutations including several mutations in the S glycoprotein like Delta69-70, Delta144-145, N501Y, A570D, P681H, T716I, S982A, D1118H in the Alpha variant; D80A, D215G, Delta241-243, K417N, E484K, N501Y, A701V in the Beta variant; L18F, T20N, P26S, D138Y, R190S,

Efficacy of mRNA, adenoviral vector, and perfusion protein COVID-19 vaccines.

PMID: 34906769 2022 Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy

Introduction: Consequently, ten mutations in the spike protein of B.1.617.2 strain, including T19R, (G142D*), 156/157del, R158G, L452R, T478K, D614G, P681R, and D950N were identified.

Table: L452R

E484K and N501Y SARS-CoV 2 spike mutants Increase ACE2 recognition but reduce affinity for neutralizing antibody.

PMID: 34915409 2022 International immunopharmacology

Introduction: N439K, L452R, and Y453F showed an increase in ACE2 receptor binding ability.

Introduction: Currently, there are four variants of concerns: Alpha variant (B.1.1.7; RBD mutations: N501Y, A570D), Beta (B.1.351; RBD mutations: K417N, E484K, and N501Y), Gamma (P.1, B.1.1.28.1; RBD mutations: K417N/T, E484K, and N501Y) and Delta (B.1.617.2; RBD mutations: L452R, T478K).

The antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 Beta underscores the antigenic distance to other variants.

PMID: 34921776 2022 Cell host & microbe

Result: For example, Beta-44, sensitive to L452R/T478K mutations, is perched adjacent to residue 478, while mAbs, Beta-20, -22, and -29 suggested to recognize an epitope related to residue 417 are tightly clustered atop this residue.

Result: MAb Beta-26 requires the Beta E484K mutation for potent neutralization but is also exquisitely sensitive to the L452R/T478K mutations found in Delta.

Result: We performed live virus neutralization assays using the following viruses, containing the indicated changes in the RBD: Victoria (an early Wuhan related strain), Alpha (N501Y), Beta (K417N, E484K, and N501Y), Gamma (

PMID: 34955621 2022 Journal of King Saud University. Science

Introduction: In India's second COVID-19 wave, the newest significant variants, Delta and Kappa, were discovered to share two mutations: E484Q and L452R.

Introduction: In the present studies, we have modelled the mutant structures of Spike protein-L452R, T478K and N501Y through in silico mutagenesis technique and evaluated their binding interactions with human ACE2 with respect to the native spike protein using protein-protein docking method.

Method: The interaction of ACE2 with the three mutant models of Spike (L452R, T478K and N501Y) were studied using High

The SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant exhibits enhanced infectivity and immune resistance.

PMID: 34968415 2022 Cell reports

Figure: HLA-A24+ CTL lines established from 6 BNT162b2-vaccinated donors were stimulated with 1 nM NF9 peptide or its derivatives, NF9-

Discussion: A common feature of the Lambda, Delta, and Epsilon variants is a substitution in L452 of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein: the Lambda variant harbors the L452Q mutation, while the Delta and Epsilon variants possess the L452R mutation.

Discussion: These are reminiscent of our recent study showing that the L452R mutation confers similar virological phenotypes.

Computational modelling of potentially emerging SARS-CoV-2 spike protein RBDs mutations with higher binding affinity towards ACE2: A structural modelling study.

PMID: 34979405 2022 Computers in biology and medicine

Result: Among the reported mutations, N501Y, E484K, K417 N, E484Q and L452R elevate the pathogenicity scale.

Engineered small extracellular vesicles displaying ACE2 variants on the surface protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

PMID: 34982509 2022 Journal of extracellular vesicles

Abstract: Furthermore, engineered sEVs inhibit the entry of wild-type (WT), the globally dominant D614G

Result: To test whether S mutations confer resistance against sACE2-loaded sEVs, we generated SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus containing D614G mutant, RBD mutations in Beta variant-K417N, E484K, and N501Y, and mutations in Delta variant L452R, E484K, and D614G (Figure S3a, Supporting Information).

Figure: (g,h) Infectivity of pseudovirus bearing Delta variant S (L452R, E484K, D614G) proteins (n = 4).

A bivalent nanoparticle vaccine exhibits potent cross-protection against the variants of SARS-CoV-2.

PMID: 34990583 2022 Cell reports

Introduction: Given that the B.1.351 and P.1 strains harbor K417N/T, E484K, and N501Y mutations in the RBD domain, B.1.526 harbors E484K, and B.1.617.1 harbors L452R and E484Q (Figure S4C), we wanted to develop a D614G- and E484K/Q-specific bivalent vaccine.

Introduction: Some recent studies also show that the protection efficiency of these vaccines against other variants harboring E484K/Q mutations, such as B1.617.1 harboring L452R/E484Q, is decreased.

A CLUSTER OF SARS-COV-2 DELTA VARIANT OF CONCERN ADDITIONALLY HARBORING F490S, NORTHERN LOMBARDY, ITALY.

PMID: 34995777 2022 International journal of infectious diseases

Introduction: T478K and L452R are the main mutations of concern (MOC) within the Spike protein of Delta.

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