Introduction: AY.1 has amino acid substitutions at T19R, E156G, 157/158 del, W258L, K417N, L452R, T478K, D614G, D950N and P681R.
Introduction: The amino acid substitutions in the spike protein of the Delta variant, such as D614G, T478K, P681R and L452R, are known to affect transmissibility and neutralization.
Method: Delta AY.1 variant had D614G, E156G, F157del, PMID: 35337800
2022
The Journal of biological chemistry
Method: SARS-CoV-2 S-protein RBD (wt), N501Y, L452R, and triple (K417T/E484K/N501Y) mutants were a gift from John Bates (University of Mississippi).
Result: 5D) and the Delta L452R mutant.
Result: Delta L452R.
Result: In addition, through the competitive SPR assay (Table 4), it is also demonstrated that the native BoSG has stronger binding affinities for the N501Y-containing RBDs than for the single L452R mutant or wild type RBD.
Table: L452R
Figure: Bar graphs in
E-Volve: understanding the impact of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants spike protein on antibodies and ACE2 affinity through patterns of chemical interactions at protein interfaces.
Discussion: Alongside, the L452R alteration creates a highly repulsive interface involving the K106 residue in these models, further producing hydrogen bonds with the Y32 antibody amino acid.
Discussion: Furthermore, it also has gained highly frequent repulsive interactions in these residues caused by the L452R modification.
Discussion: Subsequently, there have also been alterations such as attractive hydrogen bonds becoming hydrogen bonds in these residues because of E484Q and L452R.
Discussion: Utilizing this real-time tracking of protein interfaces, we have perceived key alterations that cause Delta's clinical characteristics regarding the L452R, P681R, and E484Q spike mutations.
Antibody escape and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineage A.27.
Result: L18F is present in the VOCs B.1.351 and P.1, the L452R substitution is found in high frequencies in B.1.617.2 and related AY lineages, and N501Y is known from B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1.
Result: Both regions are targets for neutralizing antibodies and L18F and L452R have been previously associated with antibody escape and L452R additionally with increased infectivity.
Result: Lineage A.27 has two mutations in its RBD that translate to L452R and N501Y.
Result: The L18F amino acid substitution is found within the first of five loops of the NTD supersite and the
Table: L452R
Monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: screening algorithm with single nucleotide polymorphism detection for the rapid identification of established and emerging variants.
PMID: 34537361
2022
Clinical microbiology and infection
Table: L452R
Discussion: Based on local frequency of these variants, parallel or sequential (P681R when L452R present) evaluation can be performed.
Discussion: Similarly, the Lambda variant might display an aberrant Tm in the L452R-specific assay as it harbors the L452Q mutation, but this was not assessed in the current manuscript.
Discussion: The B.1.617 sublineages harbor both L452R and P681R whereas B.1.427/B.1.429 harbors only L452R.
Discussion: The data obtained by surveillance sequencing during this study showed increasing occurrence of the Delta variant, leading to the incorporation of the P681R and L452R PCR
Occurrence of a substitution or deletion of SARS-CoV-2 spike amino acid 677 in various lineages in Marseille, France.
Abstract: Thus, the spike Q677H substitution should be considered as another example of convergent evolution, as it is the case of spike substitutions L18F, E484K, L452R, and N501Y which also independently appeared in various lineages.
Result: Therefore, the spike Q677H substitution should be considered as another example of convergent evolution, in addition to spike amino acid substitutions N501Y, L452R, and L18F which also independently appeared in various lineages.
A year living with SARS-CoV-2: an epidemiological overview of viral lineage circulation by whole-genome sequencing in Barcelona city (Catalonia, Spain).
Abstract: But some mutations of concern, such as E484K from B.1.351 and P.1 lineages are currently under monitoring, together with those observed in the receptor-binding domain or N-terminal domain, such as L452R and T478K from B.1.617.2 lineage.
Result: Other mutations of concern such as E484K, usually observed in B.1.351, B.1.525, B.1.621, and P.1 lineages are currently being monitored as well as the gain of changes in the RBD (L452R and T478 K) reported on B.1.617.2 viruses.
Discussion: The L452R mutation was previously observed in the United States due to the higher circulation of lineages B.1.427 and B.1.429 (variant Epsilon) and related to a partial immune evasio
Haplotype distribution of SARS-CoV-2 variants in low and high vaccination rate countries during ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic in early 2021.
PMID: 34848355
2022
Infection, genetics and evolution
Abstract: Meanwhile, the new haplotype 2C_3 bearing the mutations at EFR156-158del, T19R, A222V, L452R, T478K, and D614G in Spike occupied over 54.8% in May 2021 in the low partly vaccinated rate group (India, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Vietnam).
Result: Significantly, haplotype 2C variant (66.8%) was leading in the partly vaccinated rate group, which sub-haplotype 2C_3 contained two unique mutations in spike protein (EFR156-158del, L452R, P681R), one mutation in ORF3a (S26L), and one mutation in N (R203M).
Table:
Proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
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