Result: including N501Y in both Alpha and Beta, E484K in Eta and Beta, K417N in Beta, and L452R and T478K only in Delta.
Discussion: Amino acid changes in spike proteins of variants contribute to immune evasion, and it has been suggested that N501Y is associated with increased infectivity, whereas L452R, T478K, and E484K with K417N reduce the interaction of neutralizing antibodies with RBD.
Clinico-Genomic Analysis Reiterates Mild Symptoms Post-vaccination Breakthrough: Should We Focus on Low-Frequency Mutations?
Introduction: Mutations that alter the characteristics of the RBD in the spike protein, such as L452R and T478K in the Delta variant, can affect antibody neutralization.
Introduction: The key mutations, L452R and T478K, in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein have been associated with higher transmission rates as they enhance the binding to the ACE2 receptor.
Interaction Analysis of the Spike Protein of Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2 with hACE2 and Eight Monoclonal Antibodies Using the Fragment Molecular Orbital Method.
PMID: 35312321
2022
Journal of chemical information and modeling
Introduction: The L452R and T478K mutations are located in the RBD, and they significantly increase the binding affinity of the S protein to hACE2.
Introduction: The mutations of the S protein in the Delta variant are T19R, E156G, Delta157/158, L452R, T478K, D614G, P681R, and D950N.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and the L452R spike mutation using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification plus bioluminescent assay in real-time (RT-LAMP-BART).
Abstract: A single missense mutation of U to G at nucleotide position 1355 (U1355G) in the spike (S) gene changes leucine to arginine (L452R) in the spike protein.
Abstract: Furthermore, using a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe, the RT-LAMP-BART
Introduction: A missense mutation (U1355G in the S gene) of RBD, representing L452R, has been observed in the India and California strains (B.1.617 and B.1.427 / B.1.429, respectively).
Introduction: We established a novel RT-LAMP-BART method to detect SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-RT-LAMP-BART) and an RT-LAMP-BART method to identify genotypes with the L452R spike mutation (L452R-RT-LAMP-BART).
The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant induces an antibody response largely focused on class 1 and 2 antibody epitopes.
Result: Compared to the Wuhan-Hu-1 prototypical early 2020 virus, Delta has multiple mutations in the spike protein: T19R, Delta157-158, L452R, T478K, D614G (which fixed in circulating SARS-CoV-2 isolates in mid-2020), P681R, and D950N (Fig 1A).
Result: Relative to Wuhan-Hu-1, the Delta RBD contains mutations in or proximal to the class 1 and 3 epitopes (T478K and L452R, respectively) (Fig 3A).
Result: The L452R mutation likely disrupts binding of some 484-binding antibodies, probably explaining why the E484K mutation has a relatively smaller effect in the
First detection of SARS-CoV-2 lineage A.27 in Sardinia, Italy.
PMID: 35324468
2022
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita
Abstract: Among the key mutations identified in the spike protein, the N501Y and the L452R deserve attention as considered likely vaccine escape mutations.
Coronavirus Genomes and Unique Mutations in Structural and Non-Structural Proteins in Pakistani SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variants during the Fourth Wave of the Pandemic.
Abstract: Mutation's spike_F157del, spike_P681R, spike_T478K, spike_T19R, spike_L452R, spike_D614G, spike_G142D, spike_E156G, and spike_R158del have been detected in all samples where K1086Q, E554K, and C1250W were unique in spike p
Neutralisation Hierarchy of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Using Standardised, Quantitative Neutralisation Assays Reveals a Correlation With Disease Severity; Towards Deciphering Protective Antibody Thresholds.
Introduction: For instance, the E484K mutation in the RBD in several VOCs has been reported to cause up to a ten-fold reduction of neutralisation, while the more recent L452R mutation found in B.1.427/B.1.429, a VOC originally detected in California, USA, resulted in a 4 fold reduction.
Table: L452R
Circulation of SARS-CoV-2 Variants among Children from November 2020 to January 2022 in Trieste (Italy).
Result: In addition, the Delta-like (EPI_ISL_7698448) strain was compared to the reference SARS-CoV-2 genome isolate (Wuhan-Hu-1, NC_045512.2) (Table 5), and it was assigned to the lineage B.1.617.2 + AY.43 strain using the Pangolin tool based on the presence of the nonsynonymous mutations or deletions A1306S, A1809V, P2046L, P2287S, V2930L, T3255I, T3646A, P4715L, G5063S, L5230I, P5401L, and A6319V in the ORF1ab gene; T19R, G142D, EFR156G (F157Delta, R158Delt
In-Flight Transmission of a SARS-CoV-2 Lineage B.1.617.2 Harbouring the Rare S:E484Q Immune Escape Mutation.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
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