SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.


  E-Volve: understanding the impact of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants spike protein on antibodies and ACE2 affinity through patterns of chemical interactions at protein interfaces.
 PMID: 35341044       2022       PeerJ
Introduction: It presents the following mutations: L18F, T20N, P26S, D138Y, R190S, K417T, E484K, N501Y, H655Y, and T1027I.
Introduction: The Beta variant has non-synonymous spike mutations such as LAL 242-244 deletion, D80A, D215G, E484K, N501Y, A701V, L18F, R246I, K417N, and D614G.


  Neutralisation Hierarchy of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Using Standardised, Quantitative Neutralisation Assays Reveals a Correlation With Disease Severity; Towards Deciphering Protective Antibody Thresholds.
 PMID: 35330908       2022       Frontiers in immunology
Table: L18F


  Low-frequency variants in mildly symptomatic vaccine breakthrough infections presents a doubled-edged sword.
 PMID: 35307848       2022       Journal of medical virology
Abstract: Low-frequency mutations were observed, which have been more recently identified as mutations of interest owing to their location within targeted immune epitopes (P812L) and association with increased replicative capacity (L18F).


  AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine induces robust broadly cross-reactive antibody responses in Malawian adults previously infected with SARS-CoV-2.
 PMID: 35346184       2022       BMC medicine
Introduction: The beta variant bears genetic changes in the functional domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein including substitutions in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) (E484K, N501Y and K417N), four substitutions and a deletion in N-terminal domain (NTD) (L18F, D80A, D215G, L242H and R246I) and substitutions in S2 (D614G and A701V) regions.


  SARS-CoV-2 spike E156G/Delta157-158 mutations contribute to increased infectivity and immune escape.
 PMID: 35296517       2022       Life science alliance
Table: L18F


  Impact of B.1.617 and RBD SARS-CoV-2 variants on vaccine efficacy: An in-silico approach.
 PMID: 35370005       2022       Indian journal of medical microbiology
Discussion: D614G, T20N, D138Y, L18F, R190S, and P26S in the NTD and K417T, E484K and N501Y in the RBD region and H655Y within the furin cleavage site.


  Emergence and phenotypic characterization of the global SARS-CoV-2 C.1.2 lineage.
 PMID: 35396511       2022       Nature communications
Method: The SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-1 spike, cloned into pCDNA3.1, was mutated using the QuikChange Lightning Site-Directed Mutagenesis kit (Agilent Technologies) and NEBuilder HiFi DNA Assembly Master Mix (NEB) to include D614G (wild-type) or lineage defining mutations for Beta (L18F, D80A, D215G, 241-243del, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G and A701V), Delta (T19R, 156-157del, R158G, L452R, T478K, D614G, P681R and D950N


  SARS-CoV-2 Mutations and Their Impact on Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Vaccines.
 PMID: 35273977       2022       Frontiers in medicine
Introduction: In addition, some of the notable substitutions in NTD are R246I (in B.1.351), W152C (in B.1.429), L18F (in B.1.351 and P.1), T19R (in B.1.17 and B.1.617) and G142D (in B.1.617 lineages), all of which are associated with immune-escape.
Table: L18F


  A SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan spike virosome vaccine induces superior neutralization breadth compared to one using the Beta spike.
 PMID: 35273217       2022       Scientific reports
Method: Pre-fusion spike protein ectodomain DNA constructs were designed containing the following mutations compared to the Wuhan variant (Wuhan Hu-1; GenBank: MN908947.3): deletion of H69, V70 and Y144, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A and D1118H in Alpha; L18F, D80A, D215G, L242H, R246I, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G and A701V in Beta;


  In silico analysis of mutant epitopes in new SARS-CoV-2 lineages suggest global enhanced CD8+ T cell reactivity and also signs of immune response escape.
 PMID: 35149224       2022       Infection, genetics and evolution
Result: We observed that the nsSNVs P80R, A701V, K417N, K417T, L18F, and R246I had greater antigenicity scores in regard to the REF sequence.
Table: L18F



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