Introduction: For the P.1 variant carrying K417T + E484K + N501Y, neutralization assays using pseudotyped virus-like particles showed a reduction in neutralization (FDA).
Introduction: Similarly, K417N/T found in B.1.351 and P.1 was also found to evade antibody binding, though less potent than E484 substitutions (https://covariants.org/variants/S.E484).
Table: K417N/T
Table: K417T
A SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan spike virosome vaccine induces superior neutralization breadth compared to one using the Beta spike.
Method: Pre-fusion spike protein ectodomain DNA constructs were designed containing the following mutations compared to the Wuhan variant (Wuhan Hu-1; GenBank: MN908947.3): deletion of H69, V70 and Y144, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A and D1118H in Alpha; L18F, D80A, D215G, L242H, R246I, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G and A701V in Beta;
Classical and Next-Generation Vaccine Platforms to SARS-CoV-2: Biotechnological Strategies and Genomic Variants.
PMID: 35206580
2022
International journal of environmental research and public health
Introduction: The E484K, K417T/N, and N501Y genomic variants are the most worrisome because they generate greater transmissibility by increasing viral contagion.
A Detailed Overview of Immune Escape, Antibody Escape, Partial Vaccine Escape of SARS-CoV-2 and Their Emerging Variants With Escape Mutations.
Introduction: Few mutations include K417T/N, E484K, L452R, N501Y, P681R, D614G, etc.
Introduction: Several mutations have been observed among VOI, and some common mutations are K417T/N, E484K, L452R, N501Y, P681R and Introduction: developed pseudoviruses with different RBD mutations or other parts of S-glycoprotein such as N501Y, K417N/T, and E484K, to illustrate the neutralization event.
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike recognition by plasma from individuals receiving BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination with a 16-week interval between doses.
Introduction: The accumulation of E484K and K417N/T mutations along with N501Y in the receptor binding domain (RBD) led to the emergence of Beta (B.1.351) and Gamma (P.1) lineages, which rapidly spread worldwide.
Allosteric Determinants of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Binding with Nanobodies: Examining Mechanisms of Mutational Escape and Sensitivity of the Omicron Variant.
PMID: 35216287
2022
International journal of molecular sciences
Introduction: Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by low-picomolar and mutation-tolerant VHH nanobodies that bind synergistically to the opposite sides of the RBD produced a binding avidity effect unaffected by immune-escape mutants K417N/T, E484K, N501Y, and L452R.
Genomic Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Algeria and North African Countries: What We Know So Far and What We Expect?
Discussion: Comparative genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes revealed multiple crucial mutations to the Spike gene including K417N, K417T, E484K, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A and D1118H, which may aggravate the severity of SARS-CoV-2 more than the wild type variant, and potentially raise the concern of vaccine efficacy against novel strains.
Comparative Analysis of Five Multiplex RT-PCR Assays in the Screening of SARS-CoV-2 Variants.
Method: Each assay can differentiate among some of these viral variants by identifying typical mutations: Alpha (B.1.1.7) by means of N501Y probe and, in some sequences, E484K probe; Beta (B.1.351) with N501Y, E484K and K417N probes; Gamma (P.1) with N501Y, E484K and K417T probes; Delta (B.1.617.2) through
Discussion: The analyzed real-time RT-PCR assays target three or four of the following amino acid variations: L452R, W152C, K417T, K417N, E484Q, E484K and N501Y.
Spread of Gamma (P.1) Sub-Lineages Carrying Spike Mutations Close to the Furin Cleavage Site and Deletions in the N-Terminal Domain Drives Ongoing Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Amazonas, Brazil.
Discussion: One of the most divergent Gamma sequences detected in Brazil was a P.1.4 lineage variant sampled in the Amazonas in October 2021 (EPI_ISL_5621224) that harbors 20 S mutations (eight more than the parental P.1 lineage), including several in common with (Delta144, Q498R, N501Y, H655Y, and N679K) or like (T95N, K417T, and E484K) those detected in Omicron.
mRNA vaccine-induced antibodies more effective than natural immunity in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 and its high affinity variants.
Introduction: N501Y and two other mutations in the RBD domain, K417N/T and E484K, were subsequently founds in SARS-CoV-2 variants from South Africa (B.1.351) and Brazil (P.1).
Discussion: Other RBD mutations, K417N/T and E484K, either alone or in combinations, have not been evaluated in this study.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
Frontiers in medicine
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