3Introduction: Moreover, we have pointed out that Y449S and Y449H are two vaccine-resistant mutations, and ""Y449S, S494P, K417N,
Introduction: Later on, we have provided a list of most likely vaccine escape RBD mutations with high frequency, including S494P, Q493L, K417N, F490S, F486L, R403K, E484K, L452R, K417T, F490L, E484Q, and A475S.
Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 tracks early interstate transmission of P.1 lineage and diversification within P.2 clade in Brazil.
Introduction: In addition to E484K, P.1 harbors the N501Y and K417T mutations in the RBD region.
Result: We found 16 SNVs targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in S1, of which eight were missense variants, including K417T, N439K, L452R, S477R, E484K, N501Y, L518I, A522V.
Ten emerging SARS-CoV-2 spike variants exhibit variable infectivity, animal tropism, and antibody neutralization.
Result: K417N/T and N501Y also cause minor changes in local structure, which further weakens the affinity between CDRL and RBD, especially Y503 on RBD.
Result: K417N/T destroys the salt bridge, thus reducing the affinity significantly.
Result: Additionally, the K417N/T mutation caused reduced neutralization activity involving five mAbs (1F9, 2H10, 10D12, CB6, and A247), whereas it increased the neutralization sensitivity of one mAb (A261-262) for more than ten times.
Result: Furthermore, the neutralization activity against the K417T/N single-mutation strain was increased among all serum samples.
Result: Single mutation analyses showed that K417T, PMID: 34649268
2021
Nature
Introduction: These include the VOCs B.1.351/Beta and P.1/Gamma, which carry the spike variant N501Y that is also found in B.1.1.7/Alpha and a similar pair of mutations (K417N/T and E484K) that were each shown to reduce the binding affinity of antibodies from vaccine-derived or convalescent sera .
Comprehensive mapping of binding hot spots of SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific neutralizing antibodies for tracking immune escape variants.
Introduction: Among the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, Beta B.1.351 (RBD-K417N/E484K/N501Y) discovered in South Africa and Gamma P.1 (RBD-K417T/E484K/N501Y) discovered in Brazil have been demonstrated to have high potential to reduce the efficacy of some vaccines.
Discussion: The valuable information that K417 are essential for multiple prototype VH3-53/3-66 NAb recognition allows us to re-interpret the potential significance of the mutation K417N and K417T present in B.1.351 and P.1.
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants expand species tropism to murines.
Result: 1e-g), suggesting the K417N/T and E484K mutation in the RBD of these variants might further facilitate mouse adaptation in addition to the N501Y substitution.
Functional Effects of Receptor-Binding Domain Mutations of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 and P.1 Variants.
Result: The K417N ( Figure 4A ) and K417T mutants ( Figure 4B ) had no noticeable effect.
Result: The K417N:but not the K417T:appeared to be inhibited better than the wt.
Result: We observed a 1.9- and 1.5-fold reduction in the median inhibition of the E484K and N501Y RBD compared to the wt, while the substitutions in the 417 position had puzzlingly opposite effects with apparent 1.4- and 1.2-fold inhibition gain for K417N and K417T, respectively (Friedman test p < 0.0001 for all).
Result: When comparing the inflection temperatures (Ti) of the single RBD mutations with their wt counterpart, we observed a destabilizing
Global Prevalence of Adaptive and Prolonged Infections' Mutations in the Receptor-Binding Domain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein.
Abstract: Irrespective of the geographical region, in the case of the adaptive mutations, N501Y (48.38%) was found to be the dominant mutation followed by L452R (17.52%), T478K (14.31%), E484K (4.69%), S477N (3.29%), K417T (1.64%), N439K (0.7%) and S494P (0.7%).
Result: Additionally, mutations K417N, K417T, T470N, T478R, E484A, F490S and Q493K were observed.
Result: All these mutations were observed only in sequences from the USA except for the PMID: 34700382
2021
mBio
Result: Twelve signature amino acid mutations (L18F, T20N, P26S, D138Y, R190S, K417T, E484K, N501Y, D614G, H655Y, T1027I, and V1176F) were observed in the S protein as well as other consensus changes, including ORF1a (S1188L and K1795Q), ORF1b (P214L and E1164D), ORF3a (S253P), N501Y and E484K substitutions in the spike protein.
PMID: 34722330
2021
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Introduction: Interestingly, N501Y.V3 (also known as P.1) lineage in Brazil almost has the same three RBD mutations as N501Y.V2 lineage, except for the K417N/T substitution.
Discussion: Indeed, N501Y.V3 lineage includes three mutations in the RBD region (K417T, E484K and N501Y), and it almost has the same three mutations present in RBD as N501Y.V2 lineage, except for K417N/T substitution.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
ArXiv
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