Neutralisation Hierarchy of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Using Standardised, Quantitative Neutralisation Assays Reveals a Correlation With Disease Severity; Towards Deciphering Protective Antibody Thresholds.
Result: Compared to the neutralisation titres against PVs bearing the ancestral Spike, we observed the following geometric mean fold changes in neutralisation titres: B.1.1.298: 1.1 fold decrease, B.1.1.7: 1.8 fold decrease, B.1.617.2 K417N: 3.1 fold decrease, B.1.617.2: 4.8 fold decrease, B.1.617.1: 4.9 fold decrease, P.1: 8.2 fold decrease and lastly, B.1.351: 8.3 fold decrease.
Discussion: In addition, the K417N mutation appears to increase the neutralisation efficiency compared to the original B.1.617.2.
Discussion: More recently the K417N mutation was detected in B.1.617.2 in several sequences from Nepal.
Discussion: Our results show that convalescent sera from first wave infected individuals were able to neutralise, albeit with reduce titres, B.1.617.1, B.1.617.2 and B.1.617.2 K417N.
Neutralisation sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) variant: a cross-sectional study.
PMID: 35305699
2022
The Lancet. Infectious diseases
Introduction: Deep mutational scanning data suggest that E484A and K417N, in addition to G446S and Q493R (which are not present in other variants of concern) are the largest contributors to the resistance profile of the omicron variant.
Interaction Analysis of the Spike Protein of Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2 with hACE2 and Eight Monoclonal Antibodies Using the Fragment Molecular Orbital Method.
PMID: 35312321
2022
Journal of chemical information and modeling
Method: The omicron variant has 15 mutations in the RBD domain of the S protein: G339D, S371L, S373P, S375F, K417N, N440K, G446S, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q493K/R, G496S, Q498R, N501Y, and Y505H.
Result: The G339D, S373P, K417N, G446S,
The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant induces an antibody response largely focused on class 1 and 2 antibody epitopes.
5Result: Notably, sublineages of the Delta variant, AY.1 and AY.2, colloquially referred to as ""Delta+"" lineages, contain the K417N mutation."
Result: K417N has a larger effect on neutralization in the Delta than in the D614G spike.
Result: Delta + E484K has an ~8-fold effect on neutralization for primary Delta-infection elicited antibodies, but only a ~3-fold effect for mRNA vaccination- or Delta breakthrough infection-elicited antibodies, comparable to the effect of Delta + K417N mutation.
Result: The Delta + K417N mutation resulted in a ~3-fold reduction in neutralization for 2x BNT162b2 and Delta breakthrough plasmas when compared to the Delta spike.
Result: The primary Delta i
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development.
Abstract: Some noticeable mutations, including K417N, T478K, N501Y, and P681H, are shared with the previous VOCs Alpha, Beta, Gamma, or Delta variants and have been proven to be associated with higher transmissibility, viral infectivity, and immune evasion potential.
Introduction: Although the Omicron-specific RBD substitutions (K417N and E484A) reduced binding of the spike protein to ACE2, other mutations that increased the affinity for ACE2 could compensate for such effects.
Introduction: For instance, the K417N and N501Y mutations were known to confer protection against a number of mAbs.
Introduction: Interestingly, the p
Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2 Virus: In Silico Evaluation of the Possible Impact on People Affected by Diabetes Mellitus.
Abstract: In the Omicron variant, Lys417 mutates into an asparagine, preventing the possible non-enzymatic glycation of this residue.
Discussion: In the Omicron variant, Lys417 mutates into an asparagine, preventing the possible non-enzymatic glycation of this residue.
E-Volve: understanding the impact of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants spike protein on antibodies and ACE2 affinity through patterns of chemical interactions at protein interfaces.
Introduction: One of those effects revealed by Nelson and collaborators is the increased affinity between the Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) and the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein caused by the N501Y and E484K mutations, which also have their potentiality enhanced when possessing the K417N/T modification.
Introduction: The Beta variant has non-synonymous spike mutations such as LAL 242-244 deletion, D80A, D215G, E484K, N501Y, A701V, L18F, R246I, K417N, and D614G.
Discussion:
SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses 1 year after infection in people recovered from COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study.
Discussion: The three mutations characterising the beta variant (K417N, E484K, and N501Y) are located at the receptor-binding domain, making the variant resistant to some potent neutralising antibodies.
The dynamics of circulating SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Bogor and surrounding areas reflect variant shifting during the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Indonesia.
Discussion: For Delta variants, we observed 12 key amino acid changes in spike protein that were mostly similar to other studies, including S_T19R, S_T95I, S_G142D, S_E156-, S_F157-, S_R158G, S_K417N, S_L452R, S_T478K, S_D614G, S_P681R, and S_D950N .
Targeted Sanger sequencing to recover key mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variant genome assemblies produced by next-generation sequencing.
Abstract: We applied the primer set and wet-laboratory protocol to sequence 222 samples that were missing positions with key mutations K417N, E484K, and N501Y due to poor coverage after NGS sequencing.
Abstract: We successfully sequenced 153 samples of 222 (69 %) using Sanger sequencing and confirmed the occurrence of key beta variant mutations (K417N, E484K, N501Y) in the S genes of 142 of 153 (93 %) samples.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
Frontiers in immunology
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