Discussion: In particular, single high-frequency SNPs in SARS-CoV-2 were found on the spike glycoprotein (D614G, 23364 A > G), as well as in the protein encoding for the nucleocapsid (R203K, R202R, and G204R).
Mutations in viral nucleocapsid protein and endoRNase are discovered to associate with COVID19 hospitalization risk.
Discussion: Among these six SNVs, four nucleotides (c28854, g28881, g28882, g28883) were non-synonymous and code residues S194L, R203K, R203S and G204R, respectively, in Nucleocapsid, and two nucleotides (t19839, a20268) in endoRNase of orf1ab encoded synonymous changes
Discussion: The non-synonymous mutations R203K, R203S and G204R in the nucleocapsid protein all occur in the flexible linker region between the N-terminal RNA-binding domain and the C-terminal dimerization domain, and this linker segment is not resolved in any reported cryo-EM or x-ray structures.
Whole-Genome Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 Strains from Asymptomatic Individuals in India.
Figure: Higher viral loads in samples with R203K/G204R SNPs.
Figure: On both plots, lines show the fraction of samples having the R203K/G204R SNPs (red line), having both the R203K/G204R SNPs and the Spike
Figure: a A schematic diagram showing the SARS-CoV-2 N protein different domains (Upper: control, Lower: mutant) and highlighting the mutation site (R203K and G204R) and the linker region (LKR) containing a serine-arginine rich motif (SR-motif).
Figure: b Overview of the three SNPs underlying the N protein R203K/G204R changes.
Clinical and genomic data of sars-cov-2 detected in maternal-fetal interface during the first wave of infection in Brazil.
Result: Sequences from this study also share four nonsynonymous mutations, P314L (Nsp12), D614G (Spike), R203K and G204R (Nucleocapsid), with these placenta sequences, in addition to two synonymous mutations (214C>T, 3037 C>T).
Discussion: A critical polymorphic region of this protein is the serine-arginine region located in amino acids 183-206, exactly where the R203K and G204R aa changes locate.
Discussion: Mutations R203K/G204R in the Nucleocapsid gene, were found in both sequences.
Plasticity in structure and assembly of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein.
Result: The earlier R203K/G204R was shown experimentally to enhance the ability of N-protein to form condensates, and R203M - prevalent in the Delta variant - was recently reported to enhance viral replication.
Discussion: Earlier examinations of emerging mutations in N proteins, going back to June 2020, were necessarily more limited in scope, and while sufficient to examine hot spots and identify key replacements such as R203K/G204R, it was not yet possible to draw conclusions from a survey of the entire mutational landscape.
Isolation and Genomic Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Obtained from Human Clinical Specimens.
Introduction: Omicron has posed a serious public health concern due to the mutations/deletions associated with increased binding affinity to ACE2 (S:Q498R and S:N501Y), increased transmissibility (S:H655Y, S:N679K, and S:P681H), increased viral load (N:R203K and N:G204R), innate immune evasion (ORF1a:L3674-, ORF1a:S3675-, and ORF1a:G3676), and S-gene target failure (S:H69-).
Phylogeography and genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy and Europe with newly characterized Italian genomes between February-June 2020.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
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