SARS-CoV-2 infections in mRNA vaccinated individuals are biased for viruses encoding spike E484K and associated with reduced infectious virus loads that correlate with respiratory antiviral IgG levels.
PMID: 34562851
2021
Journal of molecular graphics & modelling
Introduction: In addition, for most of the studied neutralizing antibodies and nanobodies, the E484K mutation leads to reduced binding affinities between RBD and these antibodies/nanobodies mainly due to the mutation-caused disadvantage electrostatic interactions, which weakens the effectiveness of these antibodies and even evades the immune protect.
Introduction: In th
Introduction: In the 501Y.V2 and 501Y.V3 variants, besides the N501Y mutation, two other mutations E484K and K417N (or K417T) occurred in RBD of the S protein, and it was revealed that the E484K mutation obviously enhances the binding affinity between RBD and hACE2.
Mutations of SARS-CoV-2 RBD May Alter Its Molecular Structure to Improve Its Infection Efficiency.
Discussion: However, the observed rigidity in some parts of RBDs (i.e., non-RBM regions) in N439K and E484K RBDs might compensate for the entropy penalty due to flexibility in the loop Y473-C489.
Discussion: On the other hand, the loop Y473-C489 flexibility was increased in L452R, N439K, and E484K RBDs, and these mutations were associated with higher infectivity and binding affinity to ACE2.
Discussion: Therefore, the N501Y, N439K, and E484K mutations studied in this work have insignificant changes in the overall RBD flexibility.
Antibody-Mediated Neutralization of Authentic SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Variants Harboring L452R and T478K/E484Q.
Introduction: In Kappa, but not Delta, E484 is substituted with a Glutamine (Q) and might confer immune escape similar to E484K.
Introduction: It has been shown that SARS-CoV-2 variants carrying E484K have limited susceptibility to convalescent and vaccine-elicited sera as well as monoclonal antibodies in vitro.
Introduction: Moreover, E484K located within the S-ACE2 interface contributes to increased affinity to ACE2 resulting in enhanced virulence of variant Beta and Gamma.
Introduction: Whether T478K or E484Q, respectively, contribute to immune evasion similar to the E484K mutation is of great therapeutic importance as well as for evaluating the efficacy of currently approved vaccines.
Discussion: Hence, both substituti
Clinical Characterization and Genomic Analysis of Samples from COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections during the Second Wave among the Various States of India.
Discussion: K417N, E484K, L452R, and E484Q are the mutations known to disrupt receptor-binding domain (RBD) binding capacity, making them more infectious by immune escape against the current vaccines.
Emergence and Spread of a B.1.1.28-Derived P.6 Lineage with Q675H and Q677H Spike Mutations in Uruguay.
Introduction: The VOC P.1, which harbors the mutations of concern S: Introduction: The lineage P.3 (former VOI Theta) emerged in the Philippines, and it includes substitutions S:E484K/N501Y/P681H among the lineage-defining mutations; the first sample was collected on 8 January 2021, and later it further spread to the USA, Germany, and Malaysia, among other countries.
Introduction: The lineages P.2, P.4, and P.5, carrying the concerning amino acid changes S:E484K, S:L452R, and S:E484Q/N501T, respectively, were also initially detected in samples from Brazil.
Emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.620 with variant of concern-like mutations and deletions.
Introduction: During initial B.1.620 circulation in Lithuania the only other E484K-bearing lineages in Lithuania had been B.1.351 (one isolated case in Kaunas county, and 12 cases from a transmission chain centred in Vilnius county) and B.1.1.318 (one isolated case in Alytus county), none of which had been found in Utena county despite a high epidemic sequencing coverage in Lithuania.
Introduction: Starting April 2nd 2021, targeted E484K PCR confirmed a growing cluster of cases with this mutation in Anyksciai municipality in Utena county with a total of 43 E484K+ cases out of 81 tested by April 28th.
Introduction: The first samples of B.1.620 in Lithuania were redirected to sequencing because they were flagged by occasional targeted PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein mutation E484K repeated on PCR-positiv
Figure: Left Panel: Quantified fusion of the Alpha + E484K variant S protein normalized to D614G Discussion: In contrast, the Beta variant is comprised of several restrictive mutations ( 242-244, K417N, and E484K) and only one mutation that modestly increased fusion (D215G).
Discussion: The E484K and K417N RBD mutations in the Beta variant may also increase ACE2 affinity, particularly when in conjunction with N501Y (preprint: Nelson et al,; Zahradnik et al,).
Discussion: The E484K mutation significantly restricts fusion, but mildly increases ACE2 affinity.
A Combination Adjuvant for the Induction of Potent Antiviral Immune Responses for a Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Protein Vaccine.
Introduction: This reduction is especially prominent with the B.1.351 variant, which contains the N501Y mutation shared by the B.1.1.7 and P.1 variants, and two additional mutations (K417N, E484K) in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD).
Introduction: We and others have shown that the E484K substitution alone, significantly reduces the neutralization capacity of human convalescent and post-vaccination sera, which may leave people that have low NAb titers against current strains unprotected against newly emerging variants.
Variants of SARS-CoV-2, their effects on infection, transmission and neutralization by vaccine-induced antibodies.
PMID: 34604978
2021
European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
Abstract: S477N, E484K, Q677H, E484Q, L452R, K417T, K417N and N501Y.
Abstract: Deadly K417N+E484K+N501Y triplet mutations found in B.1.351 and P.1 have increased the transmission ability of these strains by 50% leading to greater COVID-19 hospitalization, ICU admissions and deaths.
Abstract: These mutations are relevant for different characteristics and are present in newly evolved strains of SARS-CoV-2 like E484K in B.1.526, B.1.525, P.2, B.1.1.7, P.1 and B.1.351.
Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Harboring Q677H.
Abstract: The sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) to neutralizing antibodies has largely been studied in the context of key receptor binding domain (RBD) mutations, including E484K and N501Y.
Introduction: Both the B.1.525 and Bluebird variants harbor a key S1 non-RBD mutation, Q677H, with the B.1.525 variant also possessing the E484K RBD mutation.
Introduction: Given that neutralizing antibodies often target the receptor binding domain (RBD), recent studies on neutralizing antibody escape by VOCs, including the rapidly spreading B.1.1.7 (United Kingdom, Alpha), B.1.351 (South Africa, Beta), B.1.429 (Unite
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
Journal of molecular graphics & modelling
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