Introduction: During initial B.1.620 circulation in Lithuania the only other E484K-bearing lineages in Lithuania had been B.1.351 (one isolated case in Kaunas county, and 12 cases from a transmission chain centred in Vilnius county) and B.1.1.318 (one isolated case in Alytus county), none of which had been found in Utena county despite a high epidemic sequencing coverage in Lithuania.
Introduction: Starting April 2nd 2021, targeted E484K PCR confirmed a growing cluster of cases with this mutation in Anyksciai municipality in Utena county with a total of 43 E484K+ cases out of 81 tested by April 28th.
Introduction: The first samples of B.1.620 in Lithuania were redirected to sequencing because they were flagged by occasional targeted PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein mutation E484K repeated on PCR-positiv
Result: P681H, D1118H, and D215G substitutions facilitate fusion, whereas mutations 69/70, 242-244, K417N, and E484K antagonize cell-cell fusion.
Result: Among the mutations associated with Beta, the 242-244 deletion, as well as the K417N and E484K mutations in the RBD significantly decreased syncytia formation (Figs 4A and EV4F).
Result: Following reports of the emergence of the E484K mutation within the Alpha variant (Collier et al,), we also generated a mutant Alpha S protein with the E484K mutation.
Result: The Beta S is comprised of the L18F,
A Combination Adjuvant for the Induction of Potent Antiviral Immune Responses for a Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Protein Vaccine.
Introduction: This reduction is especially prominent with the B.1.351 variant, which contains the N501Y mutation shared by the B.1.1.7 and P.1 variants, and two additional mutations (K417N, E484K) in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD).
Introduction: We and others have shown that the E484K substitution alone, significantly reduces the neutralization capacity of human convalescent and post-vaccination sera, which may leave people that have low NAb titers against current strains unprotected against newly emerging variants.
Variants of SARS-CoV-2, their effects on infection, transmission and neutralization by vaccine-induced antibodies.
PMID: 34604978
2021
European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
Abstract: S477N, E484K, Q677H, E484Q, L452R, K417T, K417N and N501Y.
Abstract: Deadly K417N+E484K+N501Y triplet mutations found in B.1.351 and P.1 have increased the transmission ability of these strains by 50% leading to greater COVID-19 hospitalization, ICU admissions and deaths.
Abstract: These mutations are relevant for different characteristics and are present in newly evolved strains of SARS-CoV-2 like E484K in B.1.526, B.1.525, P.2, B.1.1.7, P.1 and B.1.351.
Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Harboring Q677H.
Abstract: The sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) to neutralizing antibodies has largely been studied in the context of key receptor binding domain (RBD) mutations, including E484K and N501Y.
Introduction: Both the B.1.525 and Bluebird variants harbor a key S1 non-RBD mutation, Q677H, with the B.1.525 variant also possessing the E484K RBD mutation.
Introduction: Given that neutralizing antibodies often target the receptor binding domain (RBD), recent studies on neutralizing antibody escape by VOCs, including the rapidly spreading B.1.1.7 (United Kingdom, Alpha), B.1.351 (South Africa, Beta), B.1.429 (Unite
A Combination of Receptor-Binding Domain and N-Terminal Domain Neutralizing Antibodies Limits the Generation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Neutralization-Escape Mutants.
Result: In addition to F490S, binding of ADI-56443 was completely abolished by C480S/R, E484K/G/D, C488Y/S, and F490L/I/C RBD mutations.
Result: The E484K mutation is also present in multiple variants including P.1, P.2, B.1.525, and B.1.351, and viruses carrying this mutation are resistant to the currently used MAb therapy.
Evaluation of the relative virulence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants: a retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: Novel SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), including viral lineages carrying the N501Y (Alpha/B.1.1.7) or both the N501Y and E484K mutations (Beta/B.1.351 and Gamma/P.1), w
Method: 22, 2021, the province initiated universal screening for N501Y and E484K mutations using a multiplex real-time PCR assay on all specimens testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 with a cycle threshold value of 35 or less.
Method: Initially, all specimens with the N501Y or E484K mutation and a cycle threshold value of 30 or less were sequenced; however, as of June 2021, routine whole genome sequencing was no longer performed on specimens without E484K, under the presumption that such specimens were of the Alpha lineage.
Rapid and High-Throughput Reverse Transcriptase Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) Assay for Identification and Differentiation between SARS-CoV-2 Variants B.1.1.7 and B.1.351.
Method: This enabled the first identification of the B.1.1.7-related mutations 69-70Del, 144Del, N501Y, S982A, and D1118H and B.1.351-related mutations D215G, 242Del K417N, N501Y, and E484K.
Result: Out of 20 suspected samples, four contained the following mutations in the spike gene: D215G, the 242 to 244 deletion, K417N, E484K, and N501Y, all associated with the B.1.351 variant.
Table: E484K
Discussion: A few commercial kits partially address the detection of these SC-2 variants, but they target general mutations, su
Efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil.
Discussion: E484K (and a similar mutation E484Q) are being rapidly accumulated by lineages across distinct epidemiological and geographic settings and the addition of E484K/Q mutations to existing VOCs (such as Alpha (B.1.1.7)) is associated with evasion of neutralising antibodies.
Discussion: A cautious approach to variants containing E484K and other RBD mutations is warranted whilst our understanding of their individual impact improves.
Discussion: However, it is not known what the relative contribution of E484K/Q mutations may have on vaccine efficacy when occurring as part of a constellation of RBD mutations.
Discussion: The observation that vaccine efficacy in our trial was preserved for P.2 may indicate that
Spread of Mink SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Humans: A Model of Sarbecovirus Interspecies Evolution.
Introduction: Based on the 3D modeling of the SARS-CoV-2 spike-human ACE2 interactions we visualized the location of amino acids described as major mutation sites in the SARS-CoV-2 variants infecting humans, i.e., the S477N, E484K, and N501Y/T mutations known to characterize the Marseille-4 variant (France), the 20I/501Y.V1 variant (United Kingdom), and the 20H/501Y.V2 variant (South Africa) (Figure 8A, left panel).
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
Nature communications
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