Engineered small extracellular vesicles displaying ACE2 variants on the surface protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
PMID: 34982509
2022
Journal of extracellular vesicles
Abstract: Furthermore, engineered sEVs inhibit the entry of wild-type (WT), the globally dominant D614G variant, Beta (K417N-E484K-N501Y) variant, and Delta (L452R-T478K-D614G) variant SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus, and protect against authentic SARS-CoV-2 and Delta varia
Introduction: Further, pseudoviruses of the B1.351 lineage, also known as Beta variant, containing S protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) mutations, including N501Y, E484K, and K417N, exhibited increased resistance to neutralization by therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and convalescent plasma (Wibmer et al.,).
Developing an Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Quantitative Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay for Rapid and Sensitive Screening of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern.
Introduction: Another study revealed that, due to mutations K417N, E484K, and N501Y in the spike protein of B.1.351, convalescent and some vaccine sera might only offer limited protection against B.1.351.
Introduction: These B.1.351 strains were about 9.4-fold more refractory to neutralization by convalescent plasma, which was largely due to the E484K mutation in the spike protein.
Result: It is worth noting that the hot spot amino acid substitutions currently of interest, such as N501Y, E484K, and P681R, were not unique or specific mutations able to differentiate the VOCs.
A bivalent nanoparticle vaccine exhibits potent cross-protection against the variants of SARS-CoV-2.
Introduction: Because the mutants of B.1.351 exert the highest possibility of immune evasion so far, its RBD was chosen as the representative immunogen for E484K/Q mutant lineages.
Introduction: Given that the B.1.351 and P.1 strains harbor K417N/T, E484K, and N501Y mutations in the RBD domain, B.1.526 harbors E484K, and B.1.617.1 harbors L452R and E484Q (Figure S4C), we wanted to develop a D614G- and E484K/Q-specific bivalent vaccine.
Introduction: Importantly, compared with the D614 and D614G lineages, most of these variants, especially thos
Emergence of two distinct variants of SARS-CoV-2 and an explosive second wave of COVID-19: the experience of a tertiary care hospital in Pune, India.
Result: In addition, instead of the E484K mutation seen in strains from Brazil and South Africa, Indian strains exhibited an Discussion: In two different sequences, E484K was present without any change at position 452 (Table 2).
Discussion: Interestingly, two Indian strains (CD211295-MW969753, CD210761-MZ021503) had a combination of two substitutions, L18F and E484K.
Discussion: The E484K variant is of serious concern because of its resistance to some therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and decreased in vitro neutralization by the serum samples from patients infected with the original SARS-CoV-2.
Discussion: The role of simultaneous L18F and E484K mutations in virus transmission needs to be evaluated.
SARS-CoV-2 spike evolutionary behaviors; simulation of N501Y mutation outcomes in terms of immunogenicity and structural characteristic.
PMID: 34783057
2022
Journal of cellular biochemistry
Conclusion: So far, many mutations (E484K, Q493N, and N501T) have been identified in the RBD domain of this protein.
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 linages that introduced K417N/E484K/N501Y spike mutations show a greater transmission and infectivity potency compared to the native form.
Reduced levels of convalescent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 B.1+L249S+E484K lineage.
Figure: Correlation of neutralizing titers against B.1+L249S+E484K in relation to SARS-CoV-2 lineages.
Figure: Neutralizing titers of convalescent sera against SARS-CoV-2 A.1, B.1.420, B.1.111, and B.1+L249S+E484K lineages.
Discussion: Hence, surveillance of emerging lineages with the E484K mutation, and/or other specific genetic markers associated with greater virulence, should be carried out in individuals with previous infection or vaccination.
Discussion: In agreement with previous reports, the single E484K mutation was associated with reduced neutralizing activity of convalescent and post-vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech) sera, against replication-competent SARS-CoV-2, and pseudoviruses.
Discussion: It is essential to clarify that it has been reported that
Predominance of antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccine breakthrough cases from the San Francisco Bay Area, California.
Abstract: Vaccine breakthrough infections were more commonly associated with circulating antibody-resistant variants carrying >=1 mutation associated with decreased antibody neutralization (L452R/Q, E484K/Q and/or F490S) than infections in unvaccinated individuals (78% versus 48%, P = 1.96 x 10-8).
Modeling SARS-CoV-2 spike/ACE2 protein-protein interactions for predicting the binding affinity of new spike variants for ACE2, and novel ACE2 structurally related human protein targets, for COVID-19 handling in the 3PM context.
Abstract: By using our pipeline, we built 3D comparative models of the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD/ACE2 protein complexes for the VoC B.1.1.7-United Kingdom (carrying the mutations of concern/interest N501Y, S494P, E484K at the RBD), P.1-Japan/Brazil (RBD mutations: K417T, E484K, N501Y), B.1.351-South Africa (RBD mutations: K417N, E484K, N501Y), B.1.427/B.1.429-California (RBD mutations: L452R), the B.1.141 (
Omicron escapes the majority of existing SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies.
Introduction: 6c, 7c), such as the E484K mutation found in Beta.
Figure: b, E484K/E484A escape scores and corresponding E484K pseudovirus neutralizing IC50 fold change compared to D614G pseudovirus of antibodies within epitope group C.
Analysis of SARS-COV2 spike protein variants among Iraqi isolates.
Introduction: Beta variant (B.1.351) lineage is another variant of concern (VOC), which was first reported in South Africa in October 2020, and characterized by eight mutations in the spike protein region, including K417N, E484K, and N501Y.
Introduction: There are other variants, such as P.1 (Gamma) lineage (20J/501Y.V3) which is mainly spread in Brazil, carrying 17 mutations; three of them are located in the spike protein regions (K417T, E484K, and N501Y).
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
Journal of extracellular vesicles
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