Result: Delta + E484K has an ~8-fold effect on neutralization for primary Delta-infection elicited antibodies, but only a ~3-fold effect for mRNA vaccination- or Delta breakthrough infection-elicited antibodies, comparable to the effect of Delta + K417N mutation.
Result: In some cases, Discussion: But, the effects of K417N can be unmasked when present in a spike background that already contains mutations that disrupt binding of some class 2 antibodies, such as E484K or L452R.
Discussion: We also examined how the K417N and E484K mutations (in the class 1 and 2 epitopes, respectively) impact neutralization in the Delta spike background.
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development.
Introduction: Although E484K is not known to exist in the Omicron variant, the analogous E484A can be reasonably speculated to perform a similar role.
Introduction: However, in the presence of E484K, the protection range could be extended.
Introduction: Interestingly, the presence of the K417N mutation did not affect spike-ACE2 binding affinity but produced positive cooperativity with E484K/N501Y.
Introduction: Three of these mutations are in position 477 (S477N, S477G, and S477R) and four in position 484 (E484A, E484D, E484G<
Coronavirus Genomes and Unique Mutations in Structural and Non-Structural Proteins in Pakistani SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variants during the Fourth Wave of the Pandemic.
Introduction: The E484K mutation, present in the receptor-binding ridge, has been detected in S protein in multiple lineages.
Discussion: The T478K mutation at the RBD region of S protein, fell near the E484K that facilitates antibody escape.
Neutralisation Hierarchy of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Using Standardised, Quantitative Neutralisation Assays Reveals a Correlation With Disease Severity; Towards Deciphering Protective Antibody Thresholds.
Introduction: For instance, the E484K mutation in the RBD in several VOCs has been reported to cause up to a ten-fold reduction of neutralisation, while the more recent L452R mutation found in B.1.427/B.1.429, a VOC originally detected in California, USA, resulted in a 4 fold reduction.
Introduction: This new variant has the E484K mutation in the Spike protein that is believed to have a strong impact on antibody evasion.
Table: E484K
Protective Immunity of the Primary SARS-CoV-2 Infection Reduces Disease Severity Post Re-Infection with Delta Variants in Syrian Hamsters.
Discussion: The B.1.351 variant is known worldwide for its immune escape property due to the mutations K417N, E484K and N501Y in the RBD of the spike region.
Clinical Evaluation of a Fully-Automated High-Throughput Multiplex Screening-Assay to Detect and Differentiate the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) and B.1.617.2 (Delta) Lineage Variants.
Result: The clinical sample set notably included SARS-CoV-2 lineages with P681H (non-N679K), Del-HV69-70 (non-A67V), E484K and E484Q sequence variances (e.g., B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta), and B.1.617.1 (Kappa)).
Optimization and Application of a Multiplex Digital PCR Assay for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Belgian Influent Wastewater.
Introduction: Multiple methods have been developed targeting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (e.g., N501Y and E484K) or characteristic deletions (e.g., spike SDelta69/70 deletion and ORF1a Delta3675-3677) in the genome (often the spike domain) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Fractionation of sulfated galactan from the red alga Botryocladia occidentalis separates its anticoagulant and anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties.
PMID: 35337800
2022
The Journal of biological chemistry
Abstract: We observed distinct affinities of BoSG derivatives for the S-proteins of different SARS-CoV-2 strains, including WT, N501Y (Alpha), K417T/E484K/N501Y (Gamma), and L542R (Delta) mutants, a
Introduction: The emergence of a triple-mutated variant (K417T, E484K, N501Y, B.1.1.28), referred to as Gamma SARS-CoV-2, has been reported in Brazil.
Result: 5F), and Gamma K417T/E484K/N501Y.
Result: some affinity for the Gamma K417T/E484K/N501Y mutant.
E-Volve: understanding the impact of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants spike protein on antibodies and ACE2 affinity through patterns of chemical interactions at protein interfaces.
Abstract: Discussion: Molecular dynamics simulations followed by Poisson-Boltzmann calculations corroborate the higher complementarity to the receptor and lower to the antibodies for the K417T/E484K/N501Y (Gamma) mutant compared to the wild-type strain, as pointed by E-Volve, as well as an intensification of this effect by changes at the protein conformational equilibrium in solution.
Abstract: Results: The results found in this study depict the highly frequent interface changes made by the entire set of mutations, mainly conducted by N501Y and E484K.|mgd
Method: A Gamma lineage RBD (with mutations E484K, N501Y, and K417T) was modelled comparatively using SWISS-MODEL.
SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses 1 year after infection in people recovered from COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study.
Discussion: The three mutations characterising the beta variant (K417N, E484K, and N501Y) are located at the receptor-binding domain, making the variant resistant to some potent neutralising antibodies.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
bioRxiv
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