Discussion: After the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, the D614G strai
Discussion: However, in Caco2-hACE2, 293T-hACE2, and 293T-hACE2-TMPRSS2 cells, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and B.1.617.2 exhibit higher infection efficiency than D614G in shorter incubation time.
Discussion: LY-CoV555 has immune escape against almost all variants except D614G and B.1.17.
Discussion: Similar to the neutralizing activity of antibodies, LY-CoV555 had reduced binding capacity for almost all variants except D614G and B.1.17.
Discussion: Studies show that the D614G substitution leads to the enhancement of viral replication and infectivity in host cells.
Discussion: The present study shows that, compared with the D614G strain, the infectivity of most variants was changed in mammalian cells.
Landscape-Based Protein Stability Analysis and Network Modeling of Multiple Conformational States of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G Mutant: Conformational Plasticity and Frustration-Induced Allostery as Energetic Drivers of Highly Transmissible Spike Variants.
PMID: 35377633
2022
Journal of chemical information and modeling
Abstract: In this study, we employed efficient and accurate coarse-grained simulations of multiple structural substates of the D614G spike trimers together with the ensemble-based mutational frustration analysis to characterize the dynamics signatures of the conformational landscapes.
Abstract: The recent structural and biophysical studies provided important evidence about multiple conformational substates of the D614G spike protein.
Abstract: The results suggest that the D614G mutant may employ a hinge-shift mechanism in which the dynamic couplings between the site of mutation and the interprotomer hinge modulate the interdomain interactions, global mobility change, and the increased stability of the open form.
Abstract: The structural and functional studies of the SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 variant is neutralized by vaccine booster-elicited serum, but evades most convalescent serum and therapeutic antibodies.
PMID: 35380448
2022
Science translational medicine
Abstract: A booster vaccination increased titers more than 30-fold against Omicron to values comparable to those seen against the D614G variant after two immunizations.
Abstract: Of these, only three retained potencies comparable to the D614G variant.
Figure: (A to C) Neutralization curves against D614G (black) and Omicron (red) are shown for eleven monoclonal neutralizing antibodies (nAb) and one tri-specific antibody mimetic protein (DARPin) (A), five cocktail neutralizing antibody products (B), and two polyclonal antibody preparations (C).
Figure: (A) Neutralization assays used lentiviral pseudoviruses bearing SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins from D614G, Delta, or Omicron.
Figure: (D) IC50 values against D614G and Omicron are shown for all therapeutic antibodies
SARS-CoV-2 Mutations and COVID-19 Clinical Outcome: Mutation Global Frequency Dynamics and Structural Modulation Hold the Key.
PMID: 35386683
2022
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Discussion: Furthermore, they also found that the loss of orf3b coincides with the emergence of D614G spike mutation that strikingly correlates with our observation of D614G being present at high frequency in our mortality patients.
Discussion: Moreover, the mutation P4715L in RdRp protein affects the viral replication, and the spike mutation D614G influences the viral interaction with the ACE2 receptor, thereby enhancing the overall fitness of the virus.
Phylogeography and genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy and Europe with newly characterized Italian genomes between February-June 2020.
Abstract: In conclusion, within the limitations of phylogeographical reconstruction, the estimated ancestral scenario suggests an important role of China and Italy in the w
Result: Seventeen amino acid substitutions were present in more than 10% of the Italian isolates but only one of them was in the spike protein (D614G).
Result: the analyses showed that B.1 probably originated in China and spread to several European countries reaching Italy several times, forming a large cluster which included initially 59 (around the first week of March) and finally 198 genomes, and 6 further independent introductions mainly corresponding to a group of genomes characterized only by the substitution D614G but lacking other substitutions, in particular the P314L in the RdRp identifying the clade 20A (lineage B.1, clade 19A).
A self-amplifying RNA vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 (D614G) and Alpha variant of concern (B.1.1.7) in a transmission-challenge hamster model.
Result: All SARS-CoV-2 S saRNA-vaccinated hamsters showed serum neutralizing antibody levels against D614G virus similar to or higher than those in two human convalescent sera collected more than 3 weeks after recovery from first wave infection whereas there was no S specific IgG nor neutralizing activity detected in pre immunization sera (not shown) or in sera from influenza HA vaccinated hamsters.
Result: For a subset of hamsters (7/12), there was sufficient serum volume to re-test the neutralizing activity against the Alpha VOC, and titres against this variant were not significantly different than against the D614G virus (Fig S1a).
Result: Six hamsters received 103 PFU of a D614G isolate from UK collected in summer 2020, B.1.238, and six received 103 P
Table: D614G
Emergence and phenotypic characterization of the global SARS-CoV-2 C.1.2 lineage.
Method: A subset of eleven of these samples were used to test neutralization activity against Delta (N = 11) and C.1.2 (N = 11) using the pseudovirus neutralization assay and ADCC (N = 9) activity against D614G and C.1.2.
Method: ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (AZD1222) Vaccinees: samples from donors vaccinated with the ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine were previously assessed for neutralization activity against the D614G (N = 11) and Beta variants (N = 11).
Method: HEK293T cells were transfected with 5 mug of SARS-CoV-2 wild-type variant spike (D614G), Beta, Delta or C.1.2 spike plasmids using PEI-MAX 40,000 (Polysciences) and incubated for 2 days at 37C.
Method: Janssen/Johnson and Johnson (Ad26.COV2.S) Vaccinees: samples from healthy donors vaccinated with the Janssen/Johnson and
The basis of mink susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Introduction: However, there is no data available that any of the mutations, which were expected to be crucial for
Figure: Abbreviations stand for: CT, cytoplasmic domain; D614G, mutation in the S protein; F486L, mutation in the S protein; FP, fusion peptide; HR1, heptapeptide repeat sequence 1; HR2, heptapeptide repeat sequence 2; N501T, mutation in the S protein; NDT, N-terminal domain; PRRA, polybasic cleavage site; RBD, receptor-binding domain; S1, S1 subunit of the S protein; S2, S2 subunit of the S protein; TM, transmembrane domain; Y453F, mutation in the S protein.
Dynamic Ca(2+) sensitivity stimulates the evolved SARS-CoV-2 spike strain-mediated membrane fusion for enhanced entry.
Discussion: Also, D614G variant is found to be more sensitive than the WT in presence of two-pore channel (TPC) blocker tetrandrine (Figure S4).
Discussion: In summary, the enhanced infectivity of the Delta spike compared to Alpha, Beta, and D614G viruses largely results from the increased affinity of the spike protein to Ca2.
Discussion: Our study demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 spike is a dynamic calcium sensor, and D614G mutation and evolved spike strains B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and B.1.617.2 elicit enhanced dynamic calcium sensitivity leading to fast and efficient membrane fusion for entry.
Discussion: Remarkably, the WT spike, D614G, and evolved spike variants a
Immune evasion and chronological decrease in titer of neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concerns in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract: We enrolled 146 COVID-19 patients, who were thought to be infected with Wuhan-hu-1 or D614G strains, and examined the time course of neutralizing titers against six concerning strains (Wuhan-hu-1, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Kappa, and Delta) using newly developed ELISA.
Result: Because variant strains such as Alpha variant have been reported in Japan since January 2021, and because this study used samples from patients who had been infected by COVID-19 before that time, all patients were thought to be infected with the Wuhan-hu-1 strain or the strain with D614G.
Discussion: There are several limitations in this study: first, because most of the participants were infected by the Wuhan-hu-1 strain with or without D614G mutation, we cannot assess immune evasion among other strains, such as the neut
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
Frontiers in immunology
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