Abstract: Despite some variations being in low frequency rate in some continents, C14408T and A23403G variations on Nsp12 and S protein, respectively, observed to be the most prominent variations all over the world, in general, and both cause missense mutations.
Abstract: It is also notable that most of isolates carry C14408T and A23403 variations simultaneously and also nearly all isolates carrying the G25
Figure: SARS-CoV-2 isolate numbers carrying the variations Green: Isolate numbers carrying C14408T, Blue: Isolate numbers carrying A23403G, Red: Isolate numbers carrying G25563T and Yellow: Isolate numbers carrying GGG to AAC variations between 28881-28883.
Identification of the nucleotide substitutions in 62 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Turkey.
Abstract: When the mutations were evaluated, C3037T, C14408T and A23403G were found to be the most common nucleotide substitutions among the viral isolates in Turkey, which are mostly seen as linked mutations and are part of a haplotype observed high in Europe.
Result: In more than 40% of the viral isolates, one or more of nucleotide substitutions of C3037T, C14408T ,A23403G, and G25563T were observed, which are present in the coding regions for the Nsp3, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, spike glycoprotein and ORF3a protein, respectively (Table 1).
Table: COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia: Decoding D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 virus isolated from an asymptomatic case in Pahang.
Figure: One is in the RdRp protein (nucleotide C14408T resulting in a P323L amino acid change), one in Spike (nucleotide A23403G resulting in the D614G amino acid change) and one is silent (C3037T).
Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus.
7Figure: As an example, in this tree, the region from approximately 12:30 to 3 o'clock represents GISAID's ""GR"" clade, defined both by mutations we are tracking in this paper that carry the G614 variant (the GISAID G clade, defined by mutations A23403G, C14408T, C3037T, and a mutation in the 5' UTR (C241T, not shown here), and an additional 3-position polymorphism: G28881A + G28882A + G28883C."
RdRp mutations are associated with SARS-CoV-2 genome evolution.
Abstract: It is possible that 14408C>T mutation may have contributed to the dominance of its co-mutations in Europe and elsewhere.
Abstract: Our results indicate that 14408C>T mutation increases the mutation rate, while the third-most common RdRp mutation, 15324C>T, has the opposite effect.
Abstract: Therefore, we sought to understand the effects of mutations in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), particularly the common 14408C>T mutation, on mutation rate and viral spread.
Introduction: Although the higher number of mutations in genomes with RdRp 14408C>T mutation was suggested to be caused by lower fidelity of the mutant enzyme, it co
Comprehensive Analyses of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in a Public Health Virology Laboratory.
Result: All samples sequenced were associated with clade 20, harboring the clade's mutations A23403G and C14408T (Nextstrain nomenclature).
Result: As specified, 7/14 mutations were associated with the 20B and 20C clades (Table 3), 4/14 mutations were detected in all sequences compared to the reference sequence (C241T, C3037T, C14408T, A23403G), and the rest of the mutations (3/14) were uniquely observed in S2, S3, S6, S7 and S8 (Table 3).
Global cataloguing of variations in untranslated regions of viral genome and prediction of key host RNA binding protein-microRNA interactions modulating genome stability in SARS-CoV-2.
Result: Another study reported that this variant has co-evolved with three coding region mutations (3037C > T, 14408C > T, and 23403A > G) of nsp3, RNA primase and spike glycoprotein.
Geographic and Genomic Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 Mutations.
5Result: Specifically, the four mutations C241T, C3037T, C14408T, and A23403G are observed in all samples from the clade ""G"" (named after the Spike D614G mutation) and its two derivative GH (further characterized by the ORF3a:Q57H mutation) and GR (affected by the trinucleotide mutation in the Nucleocapsid gene, inducing a RG203KR mutation)."
Result: Three mutations show similar frequency with A23403G: C14408T, C241T, and C3037T (Figure 3A).
Table: C14408T
Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States.
Introduction: Based on genotyping results, top eight missense mutations (i.e., 14408C>T-(P323L), 23403A>G-(D614G), 25563G>T-(Q57H), 1059C>T-(T85I), 28144T>C-(L84S), 17858A>G-(Y541C), 17747C>T-(P504L), and 27964C>T-(S24L)) are identified, in addition to three synonymous mutations (i.e., 3037C>T-(F106F), 8782C>T-(
Molecular Epidemiology Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Strains Circulating in Romania during the First Months of the Pandemic.
Result: These mutations, C3037T, C14408T (P323L in Nsp12) and A23403G (D614G in S), were present in all Romanian sequences.
Discussion: A mutation profile consisting in C3037T, C14408T, A23403G (mutation found in all the Romanian sequences), next to C241T was found to be specific to the Europe cluster and was initially associated with higher pathogenicity.
SARS_CoV_2 mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2020
Turkish journal of biology
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