Introduction: The recent emerging variants of concern observed in the United Kingdom (B.1.1.7 with mutations
N501Y,
A570D and del69/70), South Africa (B.1.351 with mutations
K417N,
E484K and
N501Y), Brazil (P.1 and P.2 with mutations
K417T,
E484K and
N501Y) (Long et al.) and India (B.1.617 with mutations
L452R and
E484Q) (Cherian et al.) initially respond more tightly to ACE2 and appear to be more infectious to human (Laffeber et al.; Tian et al.).