Discussion: The sequence analysis of the NA gene reveals one potential NA drug-resistance substitution (V116A) but not other amino acid substitutions such as I117V, Q136K, D151A, Y155H, R156K, D198V, I222R, R224K, Q226H, E227D, E227Q, H274Y, R293K, N294S, E425G, and I436N.
An influenza A(H5N8) virus isolated during an outbreak at a poultry farm in Russia in 2017 has an N294S substitution in the neuraminidase and shows reduced susceptibility to oseltamivir.
Abstract: An NA-N293/294S substitution was not present in sequences from the GISAID database.
Abstract: The neuraminidase of 1 strain had an NA-N293/294S (N8/N2 numbering) substitution associated with reduced inhibition by oseltamivir and normal inhibition by zanamivir, which was confirmed phenotypically.
Abstract: To the best of our knowledge, influenza A(H5N8) viruses with reduced inhibition by oseltamivir bearing an NA-N293/294S substitution have not been previously reported in epidemiological surveillance studies.
Identification and Characterization of Novel Antibody Epitopes on the N2 Neuraminidase.
Abstract: In contrast the mutations E119V, H274Y and N294S had more variable effects with NAI susceptibility being drug- and strain-specific.
Abstract: The R292K and N294S drug resistant H5N6 viruses had single amino acid substitutions in their haemagglutinin (HA): Y98F and A189T, respectively (H3 numbering) which reduced receptor binding properties possibly balancing the reduced NA activity seen.
Introduction: In this study we introduced four NAI resistance-associated mutations (E119V, H274Y
Characterization of neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant influenza virus isolates from immunocompromised patients in the Republic of Korea.
Introduction: The typical drug-resistance substitutions in NA include H275Y, E119D/G, and Q136R for A(H1N1)pdm09; E119V, D151G/V/D, R224K, E276D, R292K, and N294S for A (H3N2); and G104E, E117A/D, H134Y, and R150K for B virus, although additional single and combination mutations may also result in NAI drug resistance (World Health Organization (WHO)).
Result: Other NA drug-resistance substitutions (
Influenza B viruses from different genetic backgrounds are variably impaired by neuraminidase inhibitor resistance-associated substitutions.
Abstract: To improve antiviral management and understand whether clinically identified neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor (NAI) resistance-associated markers affect influenza B viruses of the Victoria- or Yamagata-lineages differentially, we generated a panel of NAI-resistant viruses (carrying E105K, G145E, R150K, D197N, I221 L/N/T/V, H273Y, N294S, or G407S substitutions; B numbering) in B/Brisbane/60/2008 (BR/08) and B/Phuket/3073/2013 (PH/13).
A study of the relationship between human infection with avian influenza a (H5N6) and environmental avian influenza viruses in Fujian, China.
Abstract: The R294K or N294S substitution was not detected in the neuraminidase (NA).
Result: Neither R294K nor N294S substitution was detected in the NA genes of all the eight H5N6 viruses, indicating a general sensitivity to Oseltamivir and Zanamivir antiviral drugs.
Table: N294S
Continuing evolution of H6N2 influenza a virus in South African chickens and the implications for diagnosis and control.
Result: Six mutations are associated with the acquisition of resistance to neuramindase inhibitors, namely E119V, R152K, D198N, H274Y, R292K and N294S.
Dynamic Variation and Reversion in the Signature Amino Acids of H7N9 Virus During Human Infection.
PMID: 29688498
2018
The Journal of infectious diseases
Result: We conducted nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the sites related to NAI resistance in the NA segment, including R118K, E119V, D151E, R152K, I222V, R224K, H274Y, E276D, R292K, N294S, and R371K (N2 numbering).
An influenza A(H5N8) virus isolated during an outbreak at a poultry farm in Russia in 2017 has an N294S substitution in the neuraminidase and shows reduced susceptibility to oseltamivir.
Abstract: The NAs of two of these viruses from Sumatra and Aceh, had an N294S substitution, while one virus from Sulawesi had an S246N NA substitution.
IV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
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