IV mutation literature information.


  Impact of influenza A virus neuraminidase mutations on the stability, activity, and sensibility of the neuraminidase to neuraminidase inhibitors.
 PMID: 18065262       2008       Journal of clinical virology
Abstract: RESULTS: Among the viruses detectable through the phenotypic tests, R156K, I222L, H274Y, N294D and E425G viruses presented a NA activity between 70% and 100% of the A/Moscow/10/99 wild type one.
Abstract: STUDY DESIGN: In the A/Moscow/10/99 (H3N2) virus background, viruses containing mutations in NA framework residues (E119D, R156K, W178L, S179A, D198N, I222L, E227G, H274Y, E277G, N294D


  Human-like receptor specificity does not affect the neuraminidase-inhibitor susceptibility of H5N1 influenza viruses.
 PMID: 18404209       2008       PLoS pathogens
Abstract: To gain insight into how combinations of HA and NA mutations can affect the sensitivity of H5N1 virus to NA inhibitors, we also rescued viruses carrying the HA changes together with the H274Y NA substitution, which was reported to confer resistance to the NA inhibitor oseltamivir.
Figure: * P<0.01 compared to wild-type rgVN1203 virus (one-way ANOVA performed for all viruses); P<0.01 compared to virus carrying only the NA H274Y substitution (one-way ANOVA performed for viruses carrying the H274Y NA mutation).
Figure: * P<0.01 compared to wild-type rgVN1203 virus, one-way AN


  In vitro evaluation of neuraminidase inhibitors using the neuraminidase-dependent release assay of hemagglutinin-pseudotyped viruses.
 PMID: 18453004       2008       Antiviral research
Abstract: The pseudotype virus release assay was used to determine the IC(50) values of Oseltamivir carboxylate, Zanamivir, and the novel phosphonate congeners of Oseltamivir against N1 group neuraminidases and their H274Y Oseltamivir carboxylate-resistant mutants.


  Another look at the molecular mechanism of the resistance of H5N1 influenza A virus neuraminidase (NA) to oseltamivir (OTV).
 PMID: 18584938       2008       Biophysical chemistry
Abstract: The smaller side chain residue mutations of His274 resulted in slightly enhanced or unchanged NA sensitivity to OTV, while His274Phe and His274Tyr reduced the susceptibility of OTV to N1.


  A broad spectrum, one-step reverse-transcription PCR amplification of the neuraminidase gene from multiple subtypes of influenza A virus.
 PMID: 18613963       2008       Virology journal
Abstract: The RT-PCR fragment generated includes one of the mutation sites related to oseltamivir resistance, H274Y.
Result: There are other residues that confer resistance to the NA inhibitors, but for the purpose of this study we focused on the H274Y mutation (an NA mutation that appears to be increasing significantly in frequency and distribution).
Result: virus subtype N1: amino acid H274Y).


  Surveillance for neuraminidase inhibitor resistance among human influenza A and B viruses circulating worldwide from 2004 to 2008.
 PMID: 18625765       2008       Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: A rise in the incidence of oseltamivir resistance in A(H1N1) viruses carrying the H274Y mutation was detected in the United States and in other countries in the ongoing 2007 to 2008 season.
Abstract: Molecular markers of oseltamivir resistance were found in six A(H1N1) viruses (H274Y) and one A(H3N2) virus (E119V) collected between 2004 and 2007.
Abstract: Some outliers contained previously reported mutations (e.g., I222T in the B viruses), while other mutations [e.g., R371K and H274Y in B viruses and H274N in A(H3N2) viruses) were novel.


  H5N1 Oseltamivir-resistance detection by real-time PCR using two high sensitivity labeled TaqMan probes.
 PMID: 17055070       2007       Journal of virological methods
Abstract: A single amino acid substitution, from histidine to tyrosine at position 274 of the neuraminidase gene has converted Oseltamivir sensitive H5N1 influenza A virus into a resistant strain.
Abstract: Overall, the assay based on real-time PCR with two labeled TaqMan probes described here should be useful for detecting Oseltamivir-resistant H274Y H5N1 influenza A virus in many species and various sources of specimens with high sensitivity and specificity.
Introduction: It has recently been reported that Oseltamivir-resistant influenza A (H5N1) viruses with the H274Y mutation have been isolated from three patients.


  Neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant recombinant A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) influenza viruses retain their replication efficiency and pathogenicity in vitro and in vivo.
 PMID: 17855542       2007       Journal of virology
Abstract: Although the H274Y and N294S mutations did not compromise the replication efficiency of VN1203 or PR8 viruses in vitro, these mutations slightly reduced the lethality of PR8 virus in mice.
Abstract: Four NA mutations (E119G, H274Y, R292K, and N294S) that have been reported to confer resistance to NA inhibitors were each introduced into recombinant A/Vietnam/1203/04 (VN1203) H5N1 influenza virus.
Abstract: However, the VN1203 virus carrying either the H274Y or N294S mutation exhibited lethality similar to that of the wild-type VN1203 virus.


  Mutations conferring zanamivir resistance in human influenza virus N2 neuraminidases compromise virus fitness and are not stably maintained in vitro.
 PMID: 16891631       2006       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Mutations conferring oseltamivir resistance in N1 (H274Y) and B (R152K) NAs also conferred resistance in recombinant G70C N9 NA expressed in insect cells.
Abstract: RESULTS: H3N2 viruses generated by reverse genetics with H274Y, R292K E119V and E119D mutations were rescued.


  Evaluation of neuraminidase enzyme assays using different substrates to measure susceptibility of influenza virus clinical isolates to neuraminidase inhibitors: report of the neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility network.
 PMID: 12574276       2003       Journal of clinical microbiology
Abstract: We evaluated three NA inhibition assays against a panel of five clinical isolates each of influenza virus A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B strains and four viruses with a defined resistance genotype (R292K, H274Y, R152K, and E119V).



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