literature

IV mutation literature information.

Decreased neuraminidase activity is important for the adaptation of H5N1 influenza virus to human airway epithelium.

PMID: 22379077 2012 Journal of virology

Abstract: Under pressure of each NA inhibitor, A/Turkey/65-1242/06 developed mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA) (H28R and P194L/T215I) and NA (E119A) proteins that reduced virus binding to alpha2,3-sialyl receptor and NA activity.

Effect of neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant mutations on pathogenicity of clade 2.2 A/Turkey/15/06 (H5N1) influenza virus in ferrets.

PMID: 20523902 2010 PLoS pathogens

Result: All three viruses were detected in the lungs, nasal turbinate, and trachea; however, only the E119A and N294S mutants were detected in the liver (Figure 4A).

Result: Consistent with the more pronounced clinical signs of disease, the E119A and N294S were detected at significantly higher titers in three out of four lobes of the lungs (~4.9-6.7 log10EID50/gram tissue) and liver (~1.7-2.9 log10EID50/gram tissue) (P<0.01).

Result: Further, increased viru

Mutations conferring zanamivir resistance in human influenza virus N2 neuraminidases compromise virus fitness and are not stably maintained in vitro.

PMID: 16891631 2006 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: Those with E119G, E119A or R152K mutations could only be rescued in the presence of exogenous NA and after passage in the absence of exogenous NA only isolates that had reverted to the wild-type NA or, surprisingly, E119G/A to E119V NA were isolated.

Comparison of the activities of zanamivir, oseltamivir, and RWJ-270201 against clinical isolates of influenza virus and neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant variants.

PMID: 11709315 2001 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Abstract: A zanamivir-resistant variant bearing a Glu119-to-Gly (Glu119-->Gly) or Glu119-->Ala substitution in an NA (N2) remained susceptible to RWJ-270201 and oseltamivir carboxylate.

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