Introduction: Synergistic effect of mutations in PA (F35L) and HA (D222G and K163E) was recently reported in a mouse-adaptive pH1N1 virus.
Introduction: The D222G substitution in pH1N1 HA, occurring either naturally or as a mouse-adaptation, was associated with severe or fatal disease in mice by altering cell tropism.
Discussion: A synergistic effect on polymerase activity rendered by dual PA-36T and PB2-357N substitutions was observed (data not shown) and the mutant containing PA-A36T and PB2-H357N accompanied with PMID: 22102733
2012
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: Using reverse genetics, 3 synergistically acting mutations were defined as pathogenicity determinants, comprising 2 mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA[D222G] and HA[K163E]), whereby the HA(D222G) mutation was shown to determine receptor binding specificity and the polymerase acidic (PA) protein F35L mutation increasing polymerase activity.
Evaluation of HA-D222G/N polymorphism using targeted NGS analysis in A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in Russia in 2018-2019.
Abstract: In May 2009, three specimens from mild cases showed D222G and/or Q223R substitutions in a minor subpopulation of viruses infecting these individuals.
Abstract: METHODS/RESULTS: To elucidate the existence and transmissibility of alpha2,3 sialic acid-specific viruses in H1N1pdm, amino acid substitutions within viral hemagglutinin molecules were investigated, especially D187E, D222G, and Q223R, which are related to a shift from human to avian receptor specificity.
Introduction: In addition to the D222G substitution, we focused on two other substitutions {aspartic acid187glutamic acid (D187E) and glutamine223argine (Q223R)}, kn
Evaluation of HA-D222G/N polymorphism using targeted NGS analysis in A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in Russia in 2018-2019.
PMID: 22243670
2012
Influenza and other respiratory viruses
Abstract: Further investigations are needed to determine the significance of infection with strains possessing NA-H275Y and HA-D222G.
Abstract: Strains possessing the hemagglutinin (HA) D222G mutation have been detected in small numbers of fatal 2009 H1N1 cases.
Abstract: We report the first clinical description of 2009 H1N1 virus infection with both NA-H275Y and HA-D222G mutations detected by pyrosequencing of bronchioalveolar lavage fluid obtained on symptom day 19.
[Cuban strategy for the molecular characterization of the pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1)].
PMID: 23437533
2011
Revista cubana de medicina tropical
Abstract: RESULTS: The third strategy provided the most comprehensive results such as differential diagnosis, the surveillance of the D222G/E mutation in hemagglutinin and Tamiflu-resistant H275Y viral variants.
[Pathogenic aspects of influenza during the epidemics caused by A/H1N1v virus in 2009-2010 according autopsy data].
Result: D222G virus replicated efficiently in the upper respiratory tract of inoculated ferrets, reaching peak mean titers of 7.5+-0.2 log10 PFU/ml day 1 p.i., significantly higher than CA/04 virus at this time (p<0.03).
Result: D222G virus was detected in the ferret upper respiratory tract (6.7+-0.2 log10 PFU/ml nasal turbinates) and the lower respiratory tract (6.3+-0.6 log10 PFU/g lung tissue) at similar titers as 2009 H1N1 wild-type viruses day 3 p.i.
Result: D222G virus-infected ferrets further exhibited a mild, transient lymphopenia (22% decrease in circulating lymphocytes on day 3 p.i.) which was comparable to ferrets infected with other 2009 H1N1 viruses.
Result: Effect of D222G mutation on pathogenesis and respiratory droplet transmission.
Result: Effect of D222G mutation on the rece
Genetic structure of human A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 influenza virus on Corsica Island: phylogenetic analysis and vaccine strain match, 2006-2010.
IV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2012
PloS one
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