literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Factors associated with virological response to etravirine in nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-experienced HIV-1-infected patients.

PMID: 19901096 2010 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Abstract: Mutations Y181V and E138A were independently associated with poor VR, whereas no effect of the Y181C on VR was observed.

TMC278, a next-generation nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), active against wild-type and NNRTI-resistant HIV-1.

PMID: 19933797 2010 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Abstract: The HIV-1 site-directed mutant with Y181C was sensitive to TMC278, whereas that with K101P or Y181I/V was resistant.

N348I in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase decreases susceptibility to tenofovir and etravirine in combination with other resistance mutations.

PMID: 20010074 2010 AIDS (London, England)

Introduction: Since the presence of three or more NNRTI mutations V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/P, V106I, V179D/F, Y181C/I/V and G190A/S results in no response to etravirine treatment, the presence of two of these NNRTI mutations and N348I at baseline may also reduce etravirine efficacy in vivo.

Constrained patterns of covariation and clustering of HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations.

PMID: 20462946 2010 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: Of the 17 reported etravirine resistance-associated mutations (RAMs), Y181C/I/V, L100I, K101P and M230L were considered major based on published in vitro susceptibility data.

Abstract: RESULTS: Efavirenz preferentially selected for 16 mutations, including L100I (14% versus 0.1%, P < 0.001), K101P (3.3% versus 0.4%, P < 0.001) and M230L (2.8% versus 1.3%, P = 0.004), whereas nevirapine preferentially selected for 12 mutations, including Y181C/I/V (48% versus 6.9%, P < 0.001).

Method: Of these, L100I, K101P, Y181C/I/V and M230

Dynamics of HIV-1 quasispecies during antiviral treatment dissected using ultra-deep pyrosequencing.

PMID: 20628644 2010 PloS one

Introduction: This region includes the following important and well-defined drug resistance mutations to nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs) and non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs): L210W, T215Y/F and K219Q/E associated with resistance to zidovudine (AZT) and stavudine (d4T); M184I/V associated with resistance to lamivudine (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC); and Y181C/I/V, Y188C/L/H and G190S/A associated with resistance to nevirapine (NVP), efavirenz (EFV) and etravirin (ETR).

Result: None of the five individuals had significant levels of

PMID: 19734799 2009 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Method: L100I, K101E/P, K103N/S, V106A/M, Y181C/I/V, V179F, Y188C/H/L,

Method: Etravirine-resistance mutations were defined as mutations associated in the DUET studies with a decreased virological response to etravirine: V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/H/P, V106I, E138A, V179D/F/T, Y181C/I/V, G190A/S, and M230L.

Prevalence of etravirine mutations and impact on response to treatment in routine clinical care: the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS).

PMID: 19732174 2009 HIV medicine

Abstract: The presence of major IAS-USA mutations (L100I, K101E/H/P and Y181C/I/V) reduced the treatment response at week 24.

Prediction of the virological response to etravirine in clinical practice: Comparison of three genotype algorithms.

PMID: 19235860 2009 Journal of medical virology

Abstract: Most of the discordance was due to the differential weights attributed to Y181C/V, L100I, and K101P in the two weighted algorithms.

Nevirapine resistance and breast-milk HIV transmission: effects of single and extended-dose nevirapine prophylaxis in subtype C HIV-infected infants.

PMID: 19119321 2009 PloS one

Method: NVP-R was defined by mutations present at the following amino acid sites: L100I, K101E/P, K103N/S, V106A/M, V108I, Y181C/I/V, Y188C/L/H, or G190A/S/E based on recommendations from International AIDS Society-USA Drug Resistance Mutations and Stanford University drug-resistance database.

Etravirine: a second-generation NNRTI for treatment-experienced adults with resistant HIV-1 infection.

PMID: 19881888 2008 Future HIV therapy

Conclusion: Etravirine RAMs include V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/H/P, V106I, E138A, V179D/F/T, Y181C/I/V, G190A/S and M230L.

Conclusion: Mutations most commonly associated with significant etravirine resistance include Y181I, Y181V, K101P and M230L, which were rarely present in clinical isolates.

Table: Y181V

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