literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Rilpivirine and Doravirine Have Complementary Efficacies Against NNRTI-Resistant HIV-1 Mutants.

PMID: 27124362 2016 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Result: However, the resistant mutants K103N, Y181C, and H221Y showed modest decreases in susceptibility against DOR (ranging from 2-5 nM), and the K103N/Y181C double mutant exhibited a larger drop in susceptibility (11.3 +- 5.9 nM).

Result: In addition, we selected HIV-1 RT mutations in cell culture with a closely related RPV analog (unpublished observations): E40K, D67E, V111A, E138K, Y181C, and M230I.

Result: The effects of Y181C on the susceptibility of the vector to DOR and RPV were discussed earlier.

Treatment failure and drug resistance in HIV-positive patients on tenofovir-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in western Kenya.

PMID: 27231099 2016 Journal of the International AIDS Society

Result: Mutations associated with K65R included Y181C (19/24, 79%, with K65R vs.

Result: Other common (>20%) RT mutations were NRTI-associated M184V/I (27/35, 77%) and NNRTI-associated Y181C/G/Y (22/35, 63%), G190A/S (13/35, 37%) and K103N/S (11/35, 31%).

Table: Y181C

Usefulness of an HIV DNA resistance genotypic test in patients who are candidates for a switch to the rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate combination.

PMID: 27231280 2016 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: Rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate RAMs studied were K65R, L100I, K101E/P, E138A/G/K/R/Q, V179L, Y181C/I/V, M184V/I, Y188L, H221Y, F227C and M230I/L in the RT.

Structural optimization of pyridine-type DAPY derivatives to exploit the tolerant regions of the NNRTI binding pocket.

PMID: 27267005 2016 European journal of medicinal chemistry

Abstract: Additionally, compounds I-8c2 and I-8c3 showed moderate activity against NNRTI resistant strains baring mutations K103N and Y181C with EC50 values of 6.2 muM and 6.8 muM, respectively.

HIV-1 Drug Resistance by Ultra-Deep Sequencing Following Short Course Zidovudine, Single-Dose Nevirapine, and Single-Dose Tenofovir with Emtricitabine for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission.

PMID: 27327263 2016 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Result: Of all mutations conferring resistance to NNRTIs, the most common were those conferring high-level NNRTI resistance such as K103N in 8 of 26 (30%), V106M in 8 of 26 (30%), Y188C in 6 of 26 (23%), G190A in 4 of 26 (15%), Y181C in 3 of 26 (11%), and

Discussion: In addition, preexisting minority Y181C variants were associated with a risk of virological failure in patients initiated on first-line efavirenz (EFV)-containing ART and in EFV exposed treatment experienced patients.

Discussion: In our study, Y188C and Y181C were detected in 23% and 11%, respectively, of patients as minority variants.

Genotypic HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Patients Failing Tenofovir-Based First-Line HAART in South India.

PMID: 27334566 2016 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Abstract: The predominant NRTI and NNRTI mutations observed were M184IV (59.9%), K65R (28.1%), and thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs, 29.3%) and K103NS (54.5%), V106AM (39.5%), and Y181CIV (19.8%), respectively.

Viral Suppression and Resistance in a Cohort of Perinatally-HIV Infected (PHIV+) Pregnant Women.

PMID: 27338425 2016 International journal of environmental research and public health

Discussion: Data from 211 adolescents in the United Kingdom exposed to ART showed 65% had mutations for NNRTIs, mainly K103N and Y181C, and 26% with mutations for PIs.

Accumulation of HIV-1 drug resistance after continued virological failure on first-line ART in adults and children in sub-Saharan Africa.

PMID: 27342546 2016 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: RESULTS: At first virological failure, DRM(s) were detected in 87% of participants: K103N (38.7%), G190A (21.8%), Y181C (20.2%), V106M (8.4%), K101E (8.4%), any E138 (7.6%) and V108I (7.6%) associated with NNRTIs, and M184V (69.7%), any thymidine analogue mutation (9.2%), K65R (5.9%) and K70R (5.0%) associated with NRTIs.

Treatment Outcomes and Resistance Patterns of Children and Adolescents on Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Asia.

PMID: 27355415 2016 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Result: Of the 156 (56%) children who had available resistance testing at the time of first-line failure, mutations included M184V (82%), >=1 thymidine analog mutation (TAM; 64%), >=4 TAMs (18%), T215Y/F (43%), K65R (10%), >=1 NNRTI mutation (92%), Y181I/C (44%), G190A (33%), K103N/S (27%), and V108I (15%); 30 (19%) children had DUET weighted scores >=4 (Table 2).

Surveillance of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

PMID: 27355626 2016 PloS one

Result: Although a significant decrease in frequency of Y181C and G190A was observed (p<0.01), no significant trends were observed in NNRTI TDR.

Result: The most prevalent DR mutations included M41L (1.1%), M184V (2.0%) for NRTI, and K103N (2.2%), Y181C (1.4%) and G190A (1.2%) for NNRTI (Fig 4).

Result: This increase in TDR was also associated with significant increase in the prevalence of several DR mutations, mainly M184V for NRTI; and K103N, Y181C and

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