HIV mutation literature information.


  HIV Pretreatment Drug Resistance Trends in Mexico City, 2017-2020.
 PMID: 34959542       2021       Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
Result: Other interesting clusters evidencing PDR transmission within the network included cluster PI-1, with 29 nodes, all men with PI resistance and median age 24 (22-28) enrolled across all years; cluster NRTI-1, with 23 nodes, 22 cisgender men and 1 cisgender woman, with median age 22 (10-27) and constant growth across all years; cluster complex-1, with 10 nodes, all men enrolled from 2018 to 2020 and median age 23 (20-30), 60% (6/10) with PI + NRTI + NNRTI resistance and 40% (4/10) with PI + NRTI resistance; and complex-2, with 7 nodes, all men with median age 26 (21-31) sharing PR M46I, L90M,


  Characterizing HIV-1 Genetic Subtypes and Drug Resistance Mutations among Children, Adolescents and Pregnant Women in Sierra Leone.
 PMID: 34573296       2021       Genes
Abstract: Among children and adolescents, the most common RAMs were M184V (76.6%, n = 49/64), K103N (45.3%, n = 29/64), Y181C/V/I (28.1%, n = 18/64), T215F/Y (25.0%, n = 16/64), and V108I (18.8%, n = 12/64).
Abstract: Among pregnant women, the most frequent RAMs were K103N (20.6%, n = 7/34), M184V (11.8%, n = 4/34), Y181C/V/I (5.9%, n = 2/34), P225H (8.8%, n = 3/34), and K219N/E/Q/R (5.9%, n = 2/34).
Result: The most prevalent RT RAMs among children and adolescents and their relative proportions were as follows: M184V


  Structure-Based Design and Discovery of Pyridyl-Bearing Fused Bicyclic HIV-1 Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Characterization, and Molecular Modeling Studies.
 PMID: 34496571       2021       Journal of medicinal chemistry
Abstract: Furthermore, molecular modeling studies elucidated the binding modes of compounds 6, 15, 21, and 30 in the binding pocket of WT, E138K, K103N, or Y181C HIV-1 RTs.


  Correlation of HIV-1 drug resistant mutations and virologic failure.
 PMID: 34584606       2021       The Pan African medical journal
Table: Y181C


  Transmitted drug resistance and transmission clusters among HIV-1 treatment-naive patients in Guangdong, China: a cross-sectional study.
 PMID: 34488793       2021       Virology journal
Result: K103N (0.42%, 10/2368), Y181C (0.21%, 5/2368), and G190A (0.21%, 5/2368) were the most common NRTI-associated mutations, and M184V (0.21%, 5/2368), L210W (0.21%, 5/2368), and T215S (0.13%, 3/2368) were the most common NNRTI-associated mutations.


  Phylogenetic and Drug-Resistance Analysis of HIV-1 Sequences From an Extensive Paediatric HIV-1 Outbreak in Larkana, Pakistan.
 PMID: 34484134       2021       Frontiers in microbiology
Table: Y181C


  Diagnostic Accuracy of Pan-Degenerate Amplification and Adaptation Assay for HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutation Analysis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
 PMID: 32522826       2020       Journal of clinical microbiology
Abstract: In a cross-sectional study (June 2018 to September 2019), we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of a simple and rapid HIVDR assay (the pan-degenerate amplification and adaptation [PANDAA] assay targeting the mutations K65R, K103NS, M184VI, Y181C, and G190A) compared to Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS).
Abstract: PANDAA showed strong agreement with Sanger sequencing for K65R, K103NS, M184VI, and G190A (kappa > 0.85) and substantial agreement for Y181C (kappa = 0.720).


  Characteristics of drug resistance in HIV-1 CRF55_01B from ART-experienced patients in Guangdong, China.
 PMID: 32300784       2020       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Among DRMs, M184V (43.83%) was the most frequent NRTI DRM, followed by K65R (23.46%), and V179E (98.77%) was the most frequent NNRTI DRM, followed by K103N (47.53%) and Y181C (14.81%).


  Exploring the hydrophobic channel of NNIBP leads to the discovery of novel piperidine-substituted thiophene[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent HIV-1 NNRTIs.
 PMID: 32528834       2020       Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B
Abstract: Especially, compound 26 exhibited the most potent activity against wild-type and a panel of single mutations (L100I, K103N, Y181C, Y188L and E138K) with an EC50 ranging from 6.02 to 23.9 nmol/L, which were comparable to those of etravirine (ETR).
Result: 4) with average distances of (Y188/P227) 4.4 +- 0.6/3.3 +- 0.6 A for WT RT, 3.9 +- 0.4/3.4 +- 0.6 A for the K103N variant, and 4.5 +- 0.7/4.7 +- 0.7 A for the K103N/Y181C mutated enzyme.
Result: All the compounds were further evaluated against a panel of clinically relevant NNRTIs-resistant single-mutant strains (L100I,  PMID: 32555643       2020       PloS one
Introduction: Patients failing an NNRTI-based first-line regimen with genotypic drug resistance mutations typically present with M184V/I, K65R, and/or thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) and K103N, V106M/A and/or Y181C as the most prevalent NRTI and NNRTI mutations, respectively.
Result: The prevalence of other major NNRTI resistance mutations (Y181CS, Y188CH, G190A and M230L) was <=8%.



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