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 HIV mutation literature information.


  Switching efavirenz to rilpivirine in virologically suppressed adolescents with HIV: a multi-centre 48-week efficacy and safety study in Thailand.
 PMID: 35001501       2022       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Abstract: Six (5.9%) participants experienced virologic failure, two of whom had RPV-associated mutations (K101E
Conclusion: Among the few participants with virologic failure, development of RPV-RAMs (K101E and Y181C) was infrequent.
Result: Among the six study participants who met the virologic failure criteria (confirmed VL >50 copies/ml), two (33.3%) had RPV-associated mutations: K101E (n = 2) and Y181C (n = 1).


  Deep sequencing of HIV-1 reveals extensive subtype variation and drug resistance after failure of first-line antiretroviral regimens in Nigeria.
 PMID: 34741609       2022       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Result: M184V was present in 87% of participants (88/101) at >=2% frequency, Y181C in 61% (62/101), K103N in 43% (41/101), M41L in 32% (32/101) and G190A in 31% (31/101).


  Doravirine: its role in HIV treatment.
 PMID: 34740228       2022       Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
Abstract: Doravirine has a high genetic barrier to resistance with retained activity in the presence of single NNRTI mutations K103N, Y181C and G190A.


  Single Oral Doses of MK-8507, a Novel Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, Suppress HIV-1 RNA for a Week.
 PMID: 34654041       2022       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Introduction: Preclinical studies demonstrated MK-8507 has high antiviral potency, has a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of approximately 50 nM, and shows only modest changes in activity to the most prevalent NNRTI-associated resistance mutations (eg, K103N, Y181C).
Method: Inclusion criteria included diagnosis of HIV-1 infection >=3 months before screening, plasma HIV-1 RNA >=10,000 copies/mL, CD4+ T-cell count >200/mm3, no evidence of NNRTI-associated resistance mutations (eg, K103N, Y181C, and V108I) appearing in the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database, and no evidence of active hepatitis C or hepatitis B infection.


  Brief Report: Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Efficacy in Participants With Preexisting Primary Integrase Inhibitor Resistance Through 48 Weeks of Phase 3 Clinical Trials.
 PMID: 34897227       2022       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Table: Y181C/I
Table: Y181C


  Impact of Integrase Sequences from HIV-1 Subtypes A6/A1 on the In Vitro Potency of Cabotegravir or Rilpivirine.
 PMID: 34978890       2022       Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Discussion: Since the 48-week analysis in ATLAS-2M, 1 participant with HIV-1 subtype B and the L74I polymorphism met CVF criteria; this individual had RT mutations K103N and Y181C but no INSTI RAMs at CVF.


  High Rate of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Therapy-Failure Patients in Liaoning Province, China.
 PMID: 35229630       2022       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: G190S (31.25%) and Y181C (25.78%) mutations were the most common NNRTIs resistance mutations.


  Could Long-Acting Cabotegravir-Rilpivirine Be the Future for All People Living with HIV? Response Based on Genotype Resistance Test from a Multicenter Italian Cohort.
 PMID: 35207677       2022       Journal of personalized medicine
Method: Furthermore, we excluded people with the following mutations for NNRTI: L100I, K101E/H/NP/Q, E138A/G/K/Q/R, V179L, Y181C/F/G/I/S/V, Y188L, G190A/C/E/Q/S/T/V, H221Y, F227C/L, and M230L.


  Prevalence and patterns of HIV drug resistance in patients with suspected virological failure in North-Western Tanzania.
 PMID: 35107140       2022       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Table: Y181C
Discussion: Likewise, the selection of NNRTI-associated mutations such as G190A and Y181C among patients on failing bPI ART regimens can be explained by either TDR-RAMs or by previous undisclosed exposure to NNRTI-based regimens.
Discussion: Some of the most common mutations in this study were M184V, K103N, Y181C and G190A, which occurred at similar frequencies to those reported in studies from other SSA and Tanzanian settings.


  Molecular characterisation of the pol gene of vertically transmitted HIV-1 strains in children with virological failure.
 PMID: 35302390       2022       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: M184V/I, K103N/S and Y181C were the most commonly occurring mutations, seen in 76%, 51% and 36% children.



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