Result: K70R, L74V/I, Y115F, M184I, and T215Y/F were the most common major non-tier 1 DRMs associated with ADR on a first-line NRTI/NNRTI-containing regimen and with TDR.
Result: M184I, K65R,
Figure: Major NRTI-associated DRMs (HIVDB score >=30) included K65R, D67 deletion, T69 insertion, K70R, L74V/I, Y115F, Q151M, M184I/V, and T215F/Y.
Drug resistance in children at virological failure in a rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, cohort.
Method: In this study, HIV-2 resistance mutations were identified using the list generated by the 'Collaborative HIV and Anti-HIV Drug Resistance Network', leading to the following mutations in reverse transcriptase - K65R, D67G/N, N69S/T, K70N/R, L74V, V111I, Y115F, M184I/V, Q151M, S215A/C/F/L/Y, K223R; and in protease - V47A, G48V, I50V, I54L/M,
Phenotypic and genotypic analyses to guide selection of reverse transcriptase inhibitors in second-line HIV therapy following extended virological failure in Uganda.
PMID: 24633208
2014
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: In multivariate regression models, K65R, Y115F and the presence of thymidine analogue-associated mutations were associated with increased susceptibility to etravirine in the cABC arm.
Result: However, in the case of etravirine, K65R, Y115F and the presence of TAMs were associated with increased susceptibility, whilst N348I was associated with decreased susceptibility.
Discussion: Although our results are based on a small number of observations (K65R was only observed in one individual) and interpreted cautiously, the associations with TAMs and K65R have been reported previously, but this is, to our knowledge, the first report of an effect of Y115F.
Discussion: However, we did find that the
Mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase affect the errors made in a single cycle of viral replication.
Abstract: We show here that four mutations (Y115F, M184V, M184I, and Q151M) in the dNTP-binding pocket of RT that had relatively small effects on the overall HIV-1 mutation rate (less than 3-fold compared to the wild type) significantly increased mutations at some specific positions in the lacZalpha reporter gene.
A uniquely prevalent nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutation in Russian subtype A HIV-1 viruses.
Result: One or more of the non-TAMs, K65R/N, L74V/I, and Y115F were present in 1.4% (n = 3), 26% (n = 16), and 9.2% (n = 8) of patients receiving thymidine-analog, nonthymidine-analog, and both thymidine-analog and nonthymidine-analog regimens.
Tenofovir-based regimens associated with less drug resistance in HIV-1-infected Nigerians failing first-line antiretroviral therapy.
Result: Patients on TDF based regimens were significantly more likely to have thymidine-sparing mutations (K65R (57%), M184I (30%), Y115F (13%)) as compared to AZT and d4T based regimens (p<=0.02).
Discussion: M184I (7/23) and Y115F (3/23), are relatively uncommon mutations but occurred more often for those on tenofovir.
Discussion: The M184I may eventually switch to M184V and Y115F may be increasing for those on tenofovir, but the small numbers limit our inferences.
HIV-2 antiviral potency and selection of drug resistance mutations by the integrase strand transfer inhibitor elvitegravir and NRTIs emtricitabine and tenofovir in vitro.
PMID: 23187937
2013
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: In resistance selections, EVG selected E92G/Q and S147N in integrase, FTC selected M184V/I in RT, and TFV selected K65R and Y115F in RT.
Abstract: The RT K65R SDM virus had 2.2- and 9.1-fold reduced susceptibilities to TFV and FTC, respectively, and the addition of Y115F to K65R further decreased susceptibility to both drugs.
Description of HIV-1 group M molecular epidemiology and drug resistance prevalence in Equatorial Guinea from migrants in Spain.
Trends in Genotypic HIV-1 Antiretroviral Resistance between 2006 and 2012 in South African Patients Receiving First- and Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens.
Abstract: Compared with 720 recipients of a d4T or AZT-containing first-line regimen, the 153 recipients of a TDF-containing first-line regimen were more likely to have the RT mutations K65R (46% vs 4.0%; p<0.001
Discussion: Among patients with virological failure on a first-line dual NRTI plus NNRTI regimen, a higher proportion of those who received TDF and/or ABC had the non-TAMs K65R, K70EQG, L74VI, and Y115F compared with those receiving d4T or AZT.
Discussion: As in our study, M184V, K65R, and Y115F were the most common major NRTI mutations.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2015
PloS one
Browser Board
Co-occurred Entities
Filtrator
ViMRT