Introduction: Since the presence of three or more NNRTI mutations V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/P, V106I, V179D/F, Y181C/I/V and G190A/S results in no response to etravirine treatment, the presence of two of these NNRTI mutations and N348I at baseline may also reduce etravirine efficacy in vivo.
Efficacy and safety of 1-month postpartum zidovudine-didanosine to prevent HIV-resistance mutations after intrapartum single-dose nevirapine.
Result: Five PHPT-4 subjects and eight PHPT-2 controls had minor NNRTI mutations in postpartum samples (V179D, K101E, V106I, or V90I).
Table: V90I
Suboptimal etravirine activity is common during failure of nevirapine-based combination antiretroviral therapy in a cohort infected with non-B subtype HIV-1.
Abstract: The most common etravirine resistance associated mutations were Y181C (42.9%), G190A (25.3%), H221Y (19.8%), A98G (18.7%), K101E (16.5%), and V90I (12.1%).
Constrained patterns of covariation and clustering of HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations.
PMID: 20462946
2010
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Method: The complete list of etravirine RAMs was defined as V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/H/P, V106I, E138A, V179D/F/T, Y181C/I/V, G190A/S and M230L.
Drug resistance is widespread among children who receive long-term antiretroviral treatment at a rural Tanzanian hospital.
PMID: 20576637
2010
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Table: V90I
Minority variants associated with transmitted and acquired HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance: implications for the use of second-generation nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
PMID: 19734799
2009
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Method: Etravirine-resistance mutations were defined as mutations associated in the DUET studies with a decreased virological response to etravirine: V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/H/P, V106I, E138A, V179D/F/T, Y181C/I/V, G190A/S, and M230L.
Method: The mutations V90I, A98G, V106I, E138A, and V179D/T were considered to be less important indicators of etravirine resistance because they are polymorphic (particularly PMID: 19732174
2009
HIV medicine
Abstract: Differences in prevalence among subtypes were found for V90I and V179T (P<0.001).
Clinical and genotypic findings in HIV-infected patients with the K65R mutation failing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria.
PMID: 19644383
2009
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: The most common NNRTI mutations included: Y181C (168, 49.7%), K103N (123, 36.4%), G190A (89, 26.3%), A98G (66, 19.5%), K101E (59, 17.5%), V108I (52, 15.4%), and V90I (41, 12.1%).
Evolution of genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 among untreated patients from Mali between 2005 and 2006.
PMID: 18556706
2008
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Resistance mutations found in RT and PR genes are in agreement with the highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen available in Mali, except for V90I, V106I and A98G mutations which are associated with etravirine resistance, but polymorphic in non-B subtypes.
Etravirine: a second-generation NNRTI for treatment-experienced adults with resistant HIV-1 infection.
Conclusion: Etravirine RAMs include V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/H/P, V106I, E138A, V179D/F/T, Y181C/I/V, G190A/S and M230L.
Introduction: A total of 13 mutations were initially identified as etravirine RAMs, including V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/P, V106I, V179D/F, Y181C/I/V and G190A/S (Table 5).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2010
AIDS (London, England)
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