Result: For example, M41L and D67N had 16 (D218E, E44A, G190S, G196E, H221Y, I142V, K101E, L210W, L228R, L74V, M184V, R211K, T215F, V108I, V118I, and V179I) and nine (E44A, H208Y, H221Y, K70R, L210W
Deep sequencing analysis of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase at baseline and time of failure in patients receiving rilpivirine in the phase III studies ECHO and THRIVE.
Abstract: At failure, two patients without NNRTI RAMs by PS carried minority rilpivirine RAMs K101E and/or E138K; and five additional patients carried other minority NNRTI RAMs V90I, V106I, V179I, V189I, and Y188H.
Contribution of APOBEC3G/F activity to the development of low-abundance drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants.
PMID: 26482266
2016
Clinical microbiology and infection
Abstract: In a large pan-European case-control study investigating the clinical relevance of pre-existing DRMVs using 454 pyrosequencing, the six most prevalent plasma DRMVs detected corresponded to G-to-A nucleotide mutations (V90I, V106I, V108I, E138K, M184I and M230I).
Abstract: Mutations E138K, M184I and M230I co-occurred in the same sequence as APOBEC3G/F signatures in 3/9 (33%), 5/11 (45%) and 4/8 (50%) of samples, respectively; such linkage was not found for V90I, V106I or V108I.
Abstract: Samples with minority E138K,
Assessment of etravirine resistance in HIV-1-infected paediatric patients using population and deep sequencing: final results of the PIANO study.
Abstract: Baseline minority etravirine RAMs (n) were detected in 8/40 VFs (V90I [2], A98G [1], L100I [1], V106I [1], E138G [1] and Y181C [2]) and 5/38 responders (V90I [3], A98G [1], V106I [1] and E138G [1]).
Abstract: The most frequent emerging non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor RAMs detected by PS (>=3 VFs; n) were the etravirine RAMs Y181C (8), V90I (3), L100I (3) and E138A (3).
Sub-Epidemics Explain Localized High Prevalence of Reduced Susceptibility to Rilpivirine in Treatment-Naive HIV-1-Infected Patients: Subtype and Geographic Compartmentalization of Baseline Resistance Mutations.
PMID: 26651266
2016
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Method: In addition, we defined a list of minor RPV-RAMs that have been observed in in vitro or in vivo selection studies and are included in one or more of clinically widely used genotypic resistance interpretation algorithms ANRS (V24), Rega (V9.1.0), and HIVdb (V7.0.1), encompassing V90I, A98G, L100I/V, K101H/Q/T, K103R/S, V106A/I, V108I, E138S, V179D/E/F/I/T, Y181F/G/S, Y188F, V189I, G190A/C/E/Q/S/T/V, and M230V
Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of Major Drug Resistance Mutations in Reverse Transcriptase Gene for HIV-1 CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC and Subtype B in China Using Sequenom MassARRAY(R) System.
Rilpivirine and Doravirine Have Complementary Efficacies Against NNRTI-Resistant HIV-1 Mutants.
PMID: 27124362
2016
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Introduction: However, in clinical trials individuals on an ETR containing regimen who experienced virological failure were infected with viruses that had a combination of RT mutations including V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/P, V106I, V179D/F, Y181C/I/V, and G190A/S.
HIV-1 Epidemiology, Genetic Diversity, and Primary Drug Resistance in the Tyumen Oblast, Russia.
Result: The mutations with a low effect on the resistance to NNRTIs (E138A, V108I, and V90I) also had a low prevalence.
HIV-1 Drug Resistance by Ultra-Deep Sequencing Following Short Course Zidovudine, Single-Dose Nevirapine, and Single-Dose Tenofovir with Emtricitabine for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission.
PMID: 27327263
2016
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: V90I which is associated with minimal, if any, detectable reduction in NNRTI susceptibility was found in 5 of 26 (19%) of patients.
Treatment failure and drug resistance in HIV-positive patients on tenofovir-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in western Kenya.
PMID: 27231099
2016
Journal of the International AIDS Society
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2017
PloS one
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