HIV mutation literature information.


  Transmitted drug resistance to rilpivirine among antiretroviral-naive patients living with HIV from northern Poland.
 PMID: 24746180       2014       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Introduction: Moreover, in numerous in vivo and in vitro studies, other candidate drug resistance mutations have been identified, including V90I, L100I, K101H/T, V106L, E138S,V179F/D/G/I/T, V189, G190A/E/S, F227L and M230V.
Method: RPV resistance-associated mutations were divided into key resistance mutations (K101E/P, E138A/G/K/Q/R, V179L,Y181C/I/V, Y188L, H221


  Trends in Genotypic HIV-1 Antiretroviral Resistance between 2006 and 2012 in South African Patients Receiving First- and Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens.
 PMID: 23840622       2013       PloS one
Result: Additional NNRTI-resistance mutations not shown in Table 4 included (i) A98G, which occurred in 3.3% of NNRTI-treated patients; (ii) V106A, which occurred in 0.6% of NNRTI-treated patients; (iii) E138G/Q, which occurred in 0.9% and 0.9% of patients, respectively; (iv) V179D/E/T/F, which occurred in 8.5%, 0.7%, 0.5%, and 0% of NNRTI-treated patients respectively; (v) Y181I/V, which occurred in one and no patient, respectively; (vi) H221Y, which occurred in 5.9% of EFV-treated and 9.3% of NVP-treated patients (p<0.001); (vii) P225H, which occurred in 13.6% of EFV-treate


  Genetic barrier to the development of resistance to rilpivirine and etravirine between HIV-1 subtypes CRF02_AG and B.
 PMID: 23833185       2013       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Different predominant codons between the subtypes were observed in 5/12 positions (90, 98, 179, 181 and 227), with an effect on the calculated genetic barrier only at the V179D and V179F codons (2.5 versus 3.5 for V179D, and 2.5 versus 5 for V179F, respectively, for subtype B versus subtype CRF02_AG).
Abstract: Nevertheless, subtype CRF02_AG showed a higher genetic barrier to acquiring mutations V179D and V179F (mutations associated with resistance to etravirine) compared with subtype B, suggesting that it would be more difficult to produce resistance to etravirine in the CRF02_AG subtype than the B subtype.


  Transmitted HIV drug resistance in treatment-naive Romanian patients.
 PMID: 23592112       2013       Journal of medical virology
Result: TDR associated with NNRTIs (Table II) was identified only in 2 HIV-1-subtype F1 strains (2/9): one isolate carried V179F and Y181C mutations, and the other one harbored mutations Y188C and Y106M, all conferring resistance across the entire NNRTIs class.


  Significantly improved HIV inhibitor efficacy prediction employing proteochemometric models generated from antivirogram data.
 PMID: 23436985       2013       PLoS computational biology
Result: Furthermore, V179F is known to lead to Etravirine resistance but to have less effect on Nevirapine, Efavirenz, and Delavirdine, a resistance profile that can also be reproduced based on our dataset.


  Distinct resistance patterns to etravirine and rilpivirine in viruses containing nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations at baseline.
 PMID: 23262501       2013       AIDS (London, England)
Abstract: However, subtype B viruses containing Y181C generated V179I/F or A62V/A but not E138K following exposure to ETR or RPV, respectively, whereas subtype C viruses containing Y181C developed E138V together with Y188H and V179I under ETR pressure.


  Impact of Novel Resistance Profiles in HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase on Phenotypic Resistance to NVP.
 PMID: 22536497       2012       AIDS research and treatment
Discussion: As for residue 179, only V179F mutation did not decrease the susceptibility to etravirine; however, when the mutation combined with Y181C, the viral etravirine susceptibility could be reduced more than 100-fold.


  Emerging mutations and associated factors in patients displaying treatment failure on an etravirine-containing regimen.
 PMID: 22267476       2012       Antiviral therapy
Abstract: NNRTI mutations selected were V179I (5 patients), V179L (1), V179F (2), L100I (1), K103N (2), Y181C (3), K101E (1), K101R (1) and H221Y (1).


  Characterization of the E138K resistance mutation in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase conferring susceptibility to etravirine in B and non-B HIV-1 subtypes.
 PMID: 21135184       2011       Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: The results show that ETR selected mutations at positions V90I, K101Q, E138K, V179D/E/F, Y181C, V189I, G190E, H221H/Y, and M230L and that E138K was the first of these to emerge in most instances.


  Predicted susceptibility of etravirine in HIV patients experiencing virological failure secondary to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance in Argentina.
 PMID: 21592625       2011       Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica
Abstract: ETR-RAMs were defined as V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/H/P, V106I, E138A, V179D/F/T, Y181C/I/V, G190A/S, and M230L, and were analyzed according to the weighted mutation score to predict susceptibility (Vingerhoets 2008).



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