Discussion: EFV and NVP, which are both NNRTIs, had the highest drug resistance rate in this study which was mainly caused by K103N, V179D, V106M and E138G/Q mutations.
Detection of minority drug resistant mutations in Malawian HIV-1 subtype C-positive patients initiating and on first-line antiretroviral therapy.
PMID: 29977795
2018
African journal of laboratory medicine
Result: Other NNRTI mutations, such as V90I, K103N, V106A/M, E138A, V179E, Y181C, Y188C/L and G190E were also found in one or two samples.
Result: The common minority NNRTI mutations detected were V106M, V179T and G190A (3/20 each), followed by E138K and Y181C (2/20 each), and K101P, K103N, V108I, E138A,
Paper-based detection of HIV-1 drug resistance using isothermal amplification and an oligonucleotide ligation assay.
Method: The selected primers amplify a 338-base-pair region (nt 2810 to 3147) of the pol gene that contains the resistance mutations M184V, K103N, Y181C, and V106M.
Figure: The RPA assay amplifies a region that contains several major drug resistance mutations, K103N, V106M, Y181C, and M184V (wild type codons denoted with red lines).
Discussion: Although an OLA can detect only one mutation at a time, the fragment of HIV pol amplified in this work contains several other high-profile mutations including K103N, Y181C, and V106M.|
Ex-vivo antiretroviral potency of newer integrase strand transfer inhibitors cabotegravir and bictegravir in HIV type 1 non-B subtypes.
Method: Plasma samples contained a median of 3 [Q1-Q3: 2-4] NNRTI-associated drug resistance mutations which included A98G, L100I, K101E/H, K103N/S, V106M, V108I, E138A/K, V179D/E Y181C, Y188L/C, G190A, H221Y, P225H, F227L, and M230L.
Method: The most frequent EFV and NVP resistance mutations were K103N
Table: V106M
Long-term virological outcome in children receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy.
Result: K103N (48%), Y181C (37%), G190A/S (25%), Y188C/L (10%), V106M/A (8%), K65R (8%) and L100I (4%) were the major NNRTI DRMs observed in these 52 children.
High level of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in patients with unsuppressed viral loads in rural northern South Africa.
Abstract: The most common DRMs were; M184V (51.7%), K103N (50%), V106M (20.6%), D67N (13.3%), K65R (12%).
Introduction: Specifically, V106M (NNRTI), K65R (NRTI) and N348I are more common among subtype C strains compared to other group M strains.
Discussion: In addition, the high levels of V106M mutations could also be attributed to subtype-specificity, since this mutation had been found most frequently among subtype C.
Discussion: Our study confirmed the dominance of K65R and V106M, two mutations which are most common
Surveillance of HIV-1 pol transmitted drug resistance in acutely and recently infected antiretroviral drug-naive persons in rural western Kenya.
HIV Drug Resistance Mutations in Non-B Subtypes After Prolonged Virological Failure on NNRTI-Based First-Line Regimens in Sub-Saharan Africa.
PMID: 28129253
2017
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: In general, DRMs were more common in subtype-C than in subtype-A and/or subtype-D (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations K65R and Q151M; NNRTI mutations E138A, V106M, Y181C, K101E, and H221Y).
Result: In particular, V106M occurred in 16% subtype-C compared with 1% A/D, whereas P225H occurred in 2% C vs 7% A and 11% D.
Result: Supplemental Digital Content, Table 1b, http://links.lww.com/QAI/A970), (1) E138A, Discussion: The (almost) exclusive occurrence of V106M in subtype-C has been noted previously.
Use of Proviral DNA to Investigate Virus Resistance Mutations in HIV-infected Zimbabweans.
Result: One participant had seven mutations, three were TAMs (L210W, T215Y and M41L), two were NRTI mutations (M184V, V75I) and two were NNRTI mutations (G190A, V106M) (Table 4).
Result: The mutations observed were; NRTI mutations T69D, T69N, V75I and M184V; NNRTI mutations, K103N, V106M, Y181C and G190A; and TAMs (
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2019
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