literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Evaluation of WHO immunologic criteria for treatment failure: implications for detection of virologic failure, evolution of drug resistance and choice of second-line therapy in India.

PMID: 23735817 2013 Journal of the International AIDS Society

Method: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations that we assessed included K103N, Y181C, Y181I, G190A, G190S, V108I, Y188L, V106M, K103NS, K101E and G190E.

Trends in Genotypic HIV-1 Antiretroviral Resistance between 2006 and 2012 in South African Patients Receiving First- and Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens.

PMID: 23840622 2013 PloS one

Result: A higher proportion of patients receiving EFV (37% of 801) had viruses with V106M compared with those receiving NVP (12% of 86; p<0.001).

Result: In 19 of 21 patients, Y188C occurred in combination with V106M.

Discussion: The distribution of NNRTI resistance mutations was consistent with previous studies: V106M was significantly more common among patients receiving EFV and Y181C was significantly more common among patients receiving NVP.

Persistence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutations.

PMID: 23904291 2013 The Journal of infectious diseases

Table: V106M

Clonal amplification and maternal-infant transmission of nevirapine-resistant HIV-1 variants in breast milk following single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis.

PMID: 23941304 2013 Retrovirology

Result: Finally, the complete replacement of wild-type virus with NNRTI-resistant mutants was evident by 12 weeks postpartum coupled with a significant reduction of viral load in plasma and breast milk (Table 1); K103N mutation was present in 5 out of 8 (63%) pol sequences, whereas NNRTI resistance mutations V106M, Y188C or G190A were each present in 3 other sequences (Figure 3).

Result: Four weeks after delivery, wild-type NVP-R susceptible virus was nearly replaced with variants

Figure: Point mutations numbered 1-4 are as follows: 1 for K103N, 2 for V106M, 3 for Y188C/L, 4 for G190A.

Simultaneous detection of major drug resistance mutations in the protease and reverse transcriptase genes for HIV-1 subtype C by use of a multiplex allele-specific assay.

PMID: 23985909 2013 Journal of clinical microbiology

Abstract: All the wild-type and mutant alleles were unequivocally distinguished with plasmid templates, and the limits of detection were 1.56% for K219Q and K219E, 3.13% for L76V, 6.25% for K65R, K70R, L74V, L100I, K103N, K103R, Q151M, Y181C, and I47V, and 12.5% for M41L, K101P, K101E, V106A, V106M, Y115F, M184V,

PMID: 24009694 2013 PloS one

Table: V106M

Effectiveness of first-line antiretroviral therapy and correlates of longitudinal changes in CD4 and viral load among HIV-infected children in Ghana.

PMID: 24119088 2013 BMC infectious diseases

Table: V106M

Low rates of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance in a well-monitored cohort in South Africa on antiretroviral therapy.

PMID: 22293461 2012 Antiviral therapy

Result: All three subjects failing the NLF-based regimen had the M184V mutation and the two with prior sdNVP exposure also had NNRTIs mutations (K103N, V106M n=1; K103N, Y188H n=1).

Result: Both the K103N and V106M mutations occurred more frequently in EFV- than NVP-exposed subjects, but differences were not significant (51% vs.

Result: Of the five with resistance at enrollment, no Discussion: NVP uniquely selected for Y181C (41%) and the V106A (9%) and both the K103N and V106M mutations were more frequent in participants accessing EFV.

Emergence of minor drug-resistant HIV-1 variants after triple antiretroviral prophylaxis for prevention of vertical HIV-1 transmission.

PMID: 22384138 2012 PloS one

Result: We also checked population sequences for additional AZT/3TC/NVP-selected resistance mutations like M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F and K219QE for AZT, K65R for 3TC and L100I, K101P, V106A/M, V108I, Y188C/L/H and G190A for NVP.

HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive individuals with HIV-1-associated tuberculous meningitis initiating antiretroviral therapy in Vietnam.

PMID: 22473024 2012 Antiviral therapy

Abstract: SDRMs were identified in 14/219 (6.4%) subjects; 8/14 were resistant to nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs; T69D, L74V, V75M, M184V/I and K219R), 5/14 to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs; K103N, V106M, Y181C, Y188C and G190A), 1/14 to both NRTIs and NNRTIs (D67N and Y181C) and none to

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