literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Rates of virological suppression and drug resistance in adult HIV-1-positive patients attending primary healthcare facilities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

PMID: 28981637 2017 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: DRMs were detected in 89% of 123 specimens with VF, including M184I/V, K103N/S, K65N/R, V106A/M and Y181C.

Upward trends of acquired drug resistances in Ethiopian HIV-1C isolates: A decade longitudinal study.

PMID: 29049402 2017 PloS one

Table: V106A

Gag P2/NC and pol genetic diversity, polymorphism, and drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 CRF02_AG- and non-CRF02_AG-infected patients in Yaounde, Cameroon.

PMID: 29074854 2017 Scientific reports

Method: Analysis of pol sequences showed that 11 of these 32 subjects (34.3%) were infected with viruses harboring major DRMs, including major resistance mutations to NRTIs such as D67N, K70R, M184V, K219Q/E, T215F, and T69N; and major resistance mutations to NNRTIs such as Y181C, K103N, V106A/M, P225H, Y188L, H221Y,

Table: V106A

Table: V106M/A

High level of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in patients with unsuppressed viral loads in rural northern South Africa.

PMID: 28750647 2017 AIDS research and therapy

Result: More than half of these mutations (K65R, D67N, K70R, L74V, V75I/S, Y115F, K219Q/E, K101E/P/H, K103N, V106AM, Y181C and Y188L/H) were significantly more prevalent (p < 0.05) in the rural settings of Limpopo than in urban Pretoria (Table 2).

Result: The most dominant DRM against the reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI), were

Discussion: The mutations V106A/M and Y181C were 13.3 and 4.8% more common in Pretoria than in Limpopo, respectively.

Sub-Epidemics Explain Localized High Prevalence of Reduced Susceptibility to Rilpivirine in Treatment-Naive HIV-1-Infected Patients: Subtype and Geographic Compartmentalization of Baseline Resistance Mutations.

PMID: 26651266 2016 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Method: Evidence of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance (TDR) was defined by the presence of at least one surveillance drug resistance mutation (SDRM) from the consensus genotypic definition of Bennett et al., including major RVP-RAMs L100I+K103N, Y181C/I/V, Y188L, and M230L, and minor RPV-RAMs L100I, K103S, V106A, V179F, and G190A/E/S.

Method: In addition, we defined a list of minor RPV-RAMs that have been observed in in vitro or in vivo selection studies and are included in one or more of clinically widely used genotypic resistance interpretation algorithms ANRS (V24), Rega (V9.1.0), and HIVdb (V7.0.1), encompassing

Rilpivirine and Doravirine Have Complementary Efficacies Against NNRTI-Resistant HIV-1 Mutants.

PMID: 27124362 2016 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Introduction: A partial list of NNRTI resistance mutations include: L100I, K103N, V106A, E138K, Y181C, Y188L, and H221Y; these mutations can occur singly, or in combinations.

Result: As expected, L234I (6.8 +- 2.5 nM) showed a modest reduction in susceptibility to DOR, while V106A showed a greater loss of susceptibility (15.6 +- 4 nM).

Result: In addition, the triple mutant V106A/

HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Treatment Naive and Experienced Panamanian Subjects: Impact on National Use of EFV-Based Schemes.

PMID: 27119150 2016 PloS one

Discussion: These two ARV drugs are administered alternatively when K103N, V106A/M and P225H are already expressed, as these mutations are not selected by these drugs.

Prevalence of Primary HIV Drug Resistance in Thailand Detected by Short Reverse Transcriptase Genotypic Resistance Assay.

PMID: 26828876 2016 PloS one

Abstract: Fourteen major mutations of codon 99-191 on the RT gene were selected (K103N, V106A/M, V108I, Q151M, Y181C/I, M184V/I, Method: This region was selected to cover 14 mutations (K103N, V106A/M, V108I, Q151M, Y181C/I, M184V/I, Y188C/L/H, and G190S/A) contributing to NRTI and/or NNRTI resistance.

Ribonuclease H/DNA Polymerase HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Dual Inhibitor: Mechanistic Studies on the Allosteric Mode of Action of Isatin-Based Compound RMNC6.

PMID: 26800261 2016 PloS one

Method: Briefly, in 100 muL reaction volume containing 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer pH 7.8, 6 mM MgCl2, 1 mM DTT, 80 mM KCl, fix amount of enzymes according to a linear range of dose-response curve: 20 ng of WT RT; 37.5 ng V106A RT; 75 ng V108A RT; 100 ng E224A RT; 100 RT ng A502F RT; 37.5 ng A508V RT, and increasing concentrations (from 0 to 500 nM) of hybrid RNA/DNA 5'-GAUCUGAGCCUGGGAGCU-Fluorescin-3'/ 5'-Dabcyl-AGCTCCCAGGCTCAGATC-3'.

Method: HIV RT-associated

Table: V106A

Genotypic HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Patients Failing Tenofovir-Based First-Line HAART in South India.

PMID: 27334566 2016 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Abstract: The predominant NRTI and NNRTI mutations observed were M184IV (59.9%), K65R (28.1%), and thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs, 29.3%) and K103NS (54.5%), V106AM (39.5%), and Y181CIV (19.8%), respectively.

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