Introduction: RAL resistance is not well documented for HIV-2, although cases of therapy failure have been associated with the emergence of variants carrying the Y143C, Q148K/R, or N155 H mutations, including Y143Y+T97A or Q148K, or Q148R+G140 S.
Extended use of raltegravir in the treatment of HIV-1 infection: optimizing therapy.
Introduction: T97A, V151I, G163R, I203M and S230N) remains unknown.
Introduction: However, in a small study conducted at Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia, G140S was detected in 2 INI-naive patients, as were the other accessory mutations: L74I/M (n = 8), T97A (n = 2), V151I (n = 3) and I203M (n = 4).
Characterization and structural analysis of HIV-1 integrase conservation.
Abstract: Differently, other mutations (L74M, T97A, S119G/R, V151I, K156N, E157Q, G163K/R, V165I, I203M, T206S, S230N) occurred as natural polymorphisms with a different prevalence according to different HIV-1 subtype/circulating recombinant form/group.
Analysis of pol integrase sequences in diverse HIV type 1 strains using a prototype genotyping assay.
PMID: 19327053
2009
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Some samples had other mutations selected by these drugs including T97A, and some had amino acid polymorphisms at positions associated with raltegravir and elvitegravir resistance.
Evolution of raltegravir resistance during therapy.
PMID: 19447792
2009
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: The secondary mutations L74M, T97A, V151I and G163R were observed with a frequency of <4%.
Natural polymorphisms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and inherent susceptibilities to a panel of integrase inhibitors.
PMID: 19651917
2009
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: We identified polymorphisms V72I, L74I, T97A, V151I, M154I/L, E157Q, V165I, V201I, I203M, T206S, and S230N.
Effects of HIV type-1 immune selection on susceptability to integrase inhibitor resistance.
Result: These seven sites were L74I/M at the C terminus of HLA-B*1510-restricted THLEGKIIL, 91 at p9 of YIEAEVIPA with unknown restriction, T97A at p2 of HLA-A*2601-restricted ETGQETAY, 126 at p9 of HLA-A*3002-restricted KIQNFRYY, 128 at p2 of HLA-A2-restricted AKAACWWAGI, 143 at p9 of HLA-B*1503-restricted KQEFGIPY and 165 at p2 of HLA-A*0205-restricted QVRDQAEHL.
Natural variation of HIV-1 group M integrase: implications for a new class of antiretroviral inhibitors.
Abstract: Several accessory INI-resistance mutations including L74M, T97A, V151I, G163R, and S230N were also polymorphic with polymorphism rates ranging between 0.5% to 2.0%.
Result: Among mutations selected by raltegravir or elvitegravir that have not been shown to directly reduce susceptibility, L74R, Q95K, E138A/K, and H183P were conserved, whereas V54I, L68V, L74M, T97A, V151I, G163R, and I203M
Natural polymorphism of the HIV-1 integrase gene and mutations associated with integrase inhibitor resistance.
Abstract: Of the 42 aa substitutions currently associated with INI resistance, 21 occurred as natural polymorphisms: V72I, L74I, T97A, T112I, A128T, E138K, Q148H, V151I, S153Y/A, M154I, N155H, K156N, E157Q, G163R, V165I, V201I, I203M, T206S, S230N and R263K.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2010
Retrovirology
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