Result: A total of 4.4% (20/460) of the sequences contained five different IN accessory mutations: -E157Q (2.39%), G163R/K (0.65%), Q95K (0.65%), T97A (0.43%), and G149A (0.22%).
Discussion: The other nonpolymorphic and polymorphic accessory mutations detected were G163R and T97A, which can contribute to a high-level resistance when occurring with Y143 and N155H major INSTI-resistance mutations.
Integrase Inhibitor Resistance Mechanisms and Structural Characteristics in Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced, Integrase Inhibitor-Naive Adults with HIV-1 Infection Treated with Dolutegravir plus Two Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in the DAWNING Study.
PMID: 34694877
2022
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Table: T97A
In vitro analysis of the replicative capacity and phenotypic susceptibility to integrase inhibitors of HIV-2 mutants with integrase insertions.
PMID: 34741606
2022
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: The SDM with T97A+N155H, with or without E92Q, was resistant to all INSTIs, except bictegravir.
Brief Report: Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Efficacy in Participants With Preexisting Primary Integrase Inhibitor Resistance Through 48 Weeks of Phase 3 Clinical Trials.
PMID: 34897227
2022
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Table: T97A
Impact of combinations of clinically observed HIV integrase mutations on phenotypic resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs): a molecular study.
PMID: 35061879
2022
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Addition of E138K to G140S/Q148H conferred 35.5, 11.6 and 208-fold reduced susceptibility to dolutegravir, bictegravir, and cabotegravir, while addition of T97A to G140S/Q148H conferred 318, 121 and >1000-fold reduced susceptibility to these drugs.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Routine HIV drug resistance genotyping identified an integrase sequence harbouring T97A, E138K, G140S and Q148H, with high predicted resistance to all integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs).
Abstract: Notably, bictegravir EC50 was significantly
High Level of Pre-Treatment HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Its Association with HLA Class I-Mediated Restriction in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort.
Discussion: A*66:01, a common allele in Kenya and Uganda, was strongly associated with the T97A variant (adjusted p = 0.001).
Discussion: As mentioned above, T97A can act synergistically with other INSTI mutations to reduce susceptibility to all INSTI medications.
Discussion: In a recent study of a Congolese population, T97A, a variant conferring reduced susceptibility to INSTIs when acting synergistically with other INSTI mutations, was identified in 11% of the participants.
Discussion: In our study, 12% of participants harbored the T97A variant (Table 3).
Discussion: Only the T97A variant showed a significant association with HLA*66:01 (adjus
Spectrum of Activity of Raltegravir and Dolutegravir Against Novel Treatment-Associated Mutations In HIV-2 Integrase: A Phenotypic Analysis Using An Expanded Panel of Site-Directed Mutants.
PMID: 35134180
2022
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: HIV-2-specific integrase mutations Q91R, E92A, A153G, and H157Q/S, which have not been previously characterized, significantly increased the EC50 for raltegravir when introduced into one or more mutational backgrounds; mutations E92A/Q, T97A, and G140A/S conferred similar enhancements of dolutegravir resistance.
Drug Resistance to HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors Among Treatment-Naive Patients in Beijing, China.
PMID: 35300056
2022
Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
Result: A total of 12 polymorphic accessory mutations were detected, including E157Q (0.58%, 5/865), T97A (0.23%, 2/865), E138A (0.12%, 1/865), E157EQ (0.12%, 1/865), G163R (0.12%, 1 /865), Q95K (0.12%, 1/865), and S230R (0.12%, 1/865) (as shown in Figure 2).
Table: T97A
HIV-1 Subtype C Drug Resistance Mutations in Heavily Treated Patients Failing Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor-Based Regimens in Botswana.
Discussion: It was recently shown that it is only upon the development of the T97A mutation that variants harboring Q148H and G140S Integrase mutations started to have increased VLs.
Discussion: This is in contrast to Y143C/R/H (n = 12), N155H (n = 9) and T97A(n = 13) from a similar study in the region where HIV-1C also predominates.
Short Communication: Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors Drug Resistance Mutations in Puerto Rico HIV-Positive Individuals.
PMID: 33800269
2021
International journal of environmental research and public health
Abstract: We identified the Q148HKR, G140S, Y143R, N155H, S147G, and E138EA major drug resistance mutations and the D232DN, T97TA, E157Q, G163GART accessory mutations.
Result: Meanwhile, the T97TA (38%) integrase mutation, when combined with any other major mutation, has been reported to have a synergistic effect, which can reduce susceptibility to these drugs.
Result: We also identified the resistance-accessory mutations D232DN, T97TA
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
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