Abstract: SDRMs were identified in 14/219 (6.4%) subjects; 8/14 were resistant to nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs; T69D, L74V, V75M, M184V/I and K219R), 5/14 to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs; K103N, V106M, Y181C, Y188C and G190A), 1/14 to both NRTIs and NNRTIs (D67N and Y181C) and none to PMID: 22047156
2011
Molecular diagnosis & therapy
Abstract: Mutations E44A, T69D, and V118I influenced the pattern of resistance of TAMs.
Prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance mutations and HIV-I subtypes among newly-diagnosed drug-naive persons visiting a voluntary testing and counselling centre in northeastern South Africa.
PMID: 21957668
2011
Journal of health, population, and nutrition
Abstract: Four (7.4%) of these were nucleoside RT inhibitor mutations (D67G, D67E, T69D, and T215Y), and one (1.9%) was a PR inhibitor mutation (M46I).
Result: These included four NRTI mutations (D67E, D67G, T69D, and T215Y) harboured by sequences 08MB38ZA, 08MB26ZA, 08MB27ZA, and 08MB29ZA respectively, and one PI resistance mutation (M46I) observed in sequence 08MB62ZA.
Discussion: In the same vein, T69D causes low-level resistance to didanosine, with a potential
High prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance among patients on first-line antiretroviral treatment in Lome, Togo.
PMID: 21663632
2011
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Table: T69D
Differences in reversion of resistance mutations to wild-type under structured treatment interruption and related increase in replication capacity.
Abstract: Between baseline and 2 months of STI, T215F had the fastest rate of reversion (41%) and the reversion of E44D and T69D was associated with the largest changes in RC.
Introduction: The authors reported a faster rate of reversion for primary resistance mutations (K70R, M184I/V, T215Y/F in RT, and D30N, M46I/L, V82A, L90M in PR) compared to secondary mutations (M41L, D67N, T69D/N, L210W,
Development of a didanosine genotypic resistance interpretation system based on large derivation and validation datasets.
Abstract: RESULTS: The ddI resistance mutations and their resistance scores based on the derivation set were as follows: M41L (score of 14), T69D (24), D123S (40), T139M (54), I180V (53), M184V (-12), V189I (55), Q207K (37), L210W (25), and T215Y (eight).
Short communication: high prevalence of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in treatment-naive patients in Greenland.
PMID: 18620490
2008
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The most prevalent mutations were T69D/N (15%), K70R (15%), and M184V (10%).
Antiretroviral drug resistance surveillance among drug-naive HIV-1-infected individuals in Gauteng Province, South Africa in 2002 and 2004.
Abstract: Of these, one had T69D and one had the K70R resistance mutation, to give a total of 2/48 (4.2%) participants with evidence of resistance mutations by genotyping.
Improved interpretation of genotypic changes in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase coding region that determine the virological response to didanosine.
PMID: 18008248
2007
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: The best correlation with response was found with the derived score (M41L x 2) + E44D/A/G + T69D/S/N/A + (L210W x 2) + T215Y or revertants + L228H/R - D123E/N/G/S, by use of which viruses were categorized as being susceptible (score < or =0), as having intermediate resistance (1-3), and as being resistant (> or =4) to didanosine.
HIV-1 subtype B protease and reverse transcriptase amino acid covariation.
Abstract: Different patterns of covariation were frequently observed for different mutations at the same position including the RT mutations T69D versus T69N, L74V versus L74I, V75I versus V75M, T215F versus T215Y, and K219Q/E versus K219N/R, and the protease mutations M46I versus M46L, I54V versus I54M/L, and N88D versus N88S.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2012
Antiviral therapy
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